Productivity and water use in forage-winter wheat cropping systems across variable precipitation gradients on the Loess Plateau of China
Productivity and water use in forage-winter wheat cropping systems across variable precipitation gradients on the Loess Plateau of China
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中国黄土高原不同降水梯度下饲草-冬小麦种植系统的生产力和水分利用
DOI：
10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107250
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Longshuai Ma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xingfa Lai;Xianlong Yang;Zikui Wang;Yuying Shen;Longshuai Ma
冬小麦（Triticum aestivumL.）(F-W)是黄土高原小麦生产的主要种植制度。将饲料作物整合到夏季休闲季节可以提高作物产量、水分生产率和雨水利用效率，但这一过程受到年际和年内可变降水的限制。3年（2016-2019）在黄土高原进行了田间试验，研究了休闲冬小麦、燕麦（Avena sativa）-冬小麦（O-W）、大豆（Glycine max）-冬小麦（S-W）和野豌豆（Vicia sativa）-冬小麦（V-W）系统对三种年际降雨情景下干物质产量、水分利用、水分生产率和降水利用效率的影响：降雨量减少30%（R-30%），正常降雨量（CK），降雨量增加30%（R+30%）。2017-2018年，在CK情景下，F-W、O-W、S-W和V-W系统小麦产量分别为3.39、3.63、4.30和3.24 t ha−1，系统产量值分别为11.28、16.72、16.40和14.27 t ha−1。与CK情景相比，R+ 30%情景下，2016-2017年F-W、O-W、S-W和V-W系统产量分别增加22.9%、34.5%、20.4%和33.8%，但系统水分生产率分别下降19.9%、41.8%、19.6%，在R-30%情景下，2017-2018年为32.4%。与F-W系统相比，CK情景下O-W、S-W和V-W系统的产量分别显著增加了48.2%、45.4%和26.5%，系统水分生产率分别增加了51.5%、47.3%和25.17%。在R+ 30%情景下，2018-2019年系统降水利用效率也分别提高了29.3%、42.9%和28.9%。在三个生长季中，F-W系统在旱季的小麦产量最高。S-W系统在正常生长季和湿润生长季的干物质产量、水分生产率和降水利用效率最高。因此，我们建议当地农民在考虑更多的土壤水分和保持小麦产量在干旱生长季节的F-W系统。在正常和潮湿的生长季节，我们建议当地农民使用S-W系统，因为该系统可以提高生产力并改善环境的可持续性。
Fallow-winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) (F-W) is the major cropping system for wheat production on the Loess Plateau of China. Integrating forage crops into the summer fallow season could improve crop yield, water productivity, and rainwater use efficiency, but this process is limited by the inter- and intra- annual variable precipitation. A 3-year (2016–2019) field experiment was conducted on the Loess Plateau to investigate the effects of fallow-winter wheat, oat (Avena sativa)-winter wheat (O-W), soybean (Glycine max)-winter wheat (S-W), and vetch (Vicia sativa)-winter wheat (V-W) systems on dry matter yield, water use, water productivity, and precipitation use efficiency under three interannual rainfall scenarios: a 30% decrease in rainfall (R-30%), normal rainfall (CK), and a 30% increase in rainfall (R+30%) by a rainfall-collection-redistribution device. In 2017–2018, under the CK scenario, the F-W, O-W, S-W, and V-W system wheat yields were 3.39, 3.63, 4.30, and 3.24 t ha−1, respectively, and the system yield values were 11.28, 16.72, 16.40, and 14.27 t ha−1, respectively. Compared to the CK scenario, the F-W, O-W, S-W, and V-W system yields increased by 22.9%, 34.5%, 20.4%, and 33.8% in 2016–2017 under the R+ 30% scenario, but the system water productivity decreased by 19.9%, 41.8%, 19.6%, and 32.4% in 2017–2018 under the R-30% scenario. Compared to those of the F-W system, the O-W, S-W, and V-W system yields significantly increased by 48.2%, 45.4%, and 26.5%, respectively, and the system water productivity increased by 51.5%, 47.3%, and 25.17%, respectively, in 2017–2018 under the CK scenario. The system precipitation use efficiency also increased by 29.3%, 42.9%, and 28.9% in 2018–2019 under the R+ 30% scenario. Across the three growing seasons, the F-W system had the highest wheat yield in the dry growing season. The S-W system had the highest dry matter yield, water productivity, and precipitation use efficiency in the normal and wet growing seasons. Therefore, we recommend the F-W system for local farmers when considering saving more soil water and maintaining wheat yield in the dry growing season. In normal and wet growing seasons, we recommend the S-W system for local farmers considering that the system increases productivity and improves environmental sustainability.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/bs.agron.2020.09.003
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期刊：
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影响因子：
5.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/s0167-8809(99)00149-8
发表时间：
2000-07
期刊：
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Fengrui Li;Songling Zhao;G. Geballe