Torpor on demand: heterothermy in the non-lemur primate Galago moholi.
Torpor on demand: heterothermy in the non-lemur primate Galago moholi.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0010797
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发表时间：
2010-05-24
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Dausmann KH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nowack J;Mzilikazi N;Dausmann KH
冬眠和每日的休眠是节能和节水的适应措施，主要用于温带和北极环境，但也用于热带和干旱气候。在许多哺乳动物目中都发现了异温现象，但到目前为止，在灵长类动物中，它似乎仅限于马达加斯加狐猴的一个家族。由于目前没有证据表明马达加斯加以外的灵长类动物的异温性，我们研究的目的是调查来自非洲大陆的小灵长类动物是否确实总是恒温的，尽管天气和食物供应有明显的季节性变化。马达加斯加狐猴的近亲之一，非洲小狐猴，Galago moholi，居住在一个高度季节性的栖息地，一个炎热的雨季和一个寒冷的旱季，食物丰富度较低，进行了调查，以确定它是否能够异温。我们测量了皮肤温度的自由放养的个人在整个凉爽干燥的季节，使用温度敏感的衣领，以及在捕获的个人的代谢率。20只动物中有15%使用了麻痹。这些动物中只有一只表现出对食物和水的自然可用性的反应，而其他动物在没有食物和水的情况下变得迟钝。结果表明，G. moholi人在生理上能够使用麻痹。然而，他们并不把它作为一种常规行为，而只是在不利的条件下。这种不情愿可能是由于对节能的选择性压力与其他生态和进化力量（如繁殖或领土防御）的冲突。我们的研究结果支持了这样的观点，即灵长类动物的异温性在非洲和马达加斯加链鼻兽的分裂之前就已经进化了，这可能意味着，如果情况需要的话，比以前认为的更多的灵长类动物物种可能仍然有潜力调用这种可能性。
Hibernation and daily torpor are energy- and water-saving adaptations employed to survive unfavourable periods mostly in temperate and arctic environments, but also in tropical and arid climates. Heterothermy has been found in a number of mammalian orders, but within the primates so far it seems to be restricted to one family of Malagasy lemurs. As currently there is no evidence of heterothermy of a primate outside of Madagascar, the aim of our study was to investigate whether small primates from mainland Africa are indeed always homeothermic despite pronounced seasonal changes in weather and food availability. One of the nearest relatives of Malagasy lemurs, the African lesser bushbaby, Galago moholi, which inhabits a highly seasonal habitat with a hot wet-season and a cold dry-season with lower food abundance, was investigated to determine whether it is capable of heterothermy. We measured skin temperature of free-ranging individuals throughout the cool dry season using temperature-sensitive collars as well as metabolic rate in captured individuals. Torpor was employed by 15% of 20 animals. Only one of these animals displayed heterothermy in response to natural availability of food and water, whereas the other animals became torpid without access to food and water. Our results show that G. moholi are physiologically capable of employing torpor. However they do not use it as a routine behaviour, but only under adverse conditions. This reluctance is presumably a result of conflicting selective pressures for energy savings versus other ecological and evolutionary forces, such as reproduction or territory defence. Our results support the view that heterothermy in primates evolved before the division of African and Malagasy Strepsirhini, with the possible implication that more primate species than previously thought might still have the potential to call upon this possibility, if the situation necessitates it.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Ortmann, S;Heldmaier, G;Ganzhorn, JU
通讯作者：
Ganzhorn, JU
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Körtner, G;Geiser, F
通讯作者：
Geiser, F
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0704346104
发表时间：
2007-08-21
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Dewar, Robert E.;Richard, Alison F.
通讯作者：
Richard, Alison F.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Dausmann, KH
通讯作者：
Dausmann, KH
DOI：
10.1139/z93-197
发表时间：
1993-07-01
期刊：
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE
影响因子：
--
作者：
LEWIS, SE
通讯作者：
LEWIS, SE