Towards maximising information extraction from rodent models of ocular disease.
Towards maximising information extraction from rodent models of ocular disease.
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DOI：
10.1038/cddis.2016.174
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发表时间：
2016-06-23
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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Loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) has a central role in retinal disorders including glaucoma, which result in progressive vision loss over time. The global glaucoma prevalence is currently estimated to be 3.54% of the population aged between 40 and 80 years. 1 Currently, raised intraocular pressure (IOP) presents the only modifiable risk factor. However, some glaucoma patients continue to lose vision despite having well controlled IOPs. 2 This has led to a search for alternative strategies to promote RGC preservation. 3 Experimental glaucoma models and whole-retinal mounts have proven a useful ex vivo tool for the assessment of potential new treatments using well-established protocols for labelling RGCs, including using nuclear-restricted transcription factor brain-specific homeobox/POU domain protein 3A (Brn-3A).Animal models of ocular disease have made an invaluable contribution to the development of new therapies, dramatically enhancing the quality of life of people with sight-threatening diseases. 4 Increasing scrutiny of the scientific, ethical and economic use of procedures involving animals, however, has resulted in growing pressures ‘to reduce the sum total of pain and fear inflicted on animals by man’via the 3R’s approach. 2 In this context, reduction is defined by Russell and Burch’s as a ‘Reduction in the number of animals used to obtain information of a given amount or precision’. 5 Overzealous efforts to achieve this goal by simply minimising the number of animals used in experiments (for cost or ethical reasons) can, however, undermine study reliability and therefore result in unnecessary distress. 6 Although the appropriate use of statistical methods to assess study power can be used to indicate the minimum number of animals required to conduct an experiment with the required power, a lack of preliminary data owing to variability in the implementation of models or experimental end points can impede their use. 5, 7 One solution to this problem is to increase the amount of useful information extracted from each laboratory animal used in an experiment. RGC quantification from Brn-3A-labelled retinal whole mounts is frequently achieved by sampling regions for manual counting. Although this technique provides an improvement on assessing RGC health from histological cross-sections (where typically as little as 0.1% of the total RGC population are evaluated), it remains susceptible to error, both from inter-and intra-operator
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影响因子：
13.7
作者：
Tham, Yih-Chung;Li, Xiang;Cheng, Ching-Yu
通讯作者：
Cheng, Ching-Yu
影响因子：
7
作者：
Davis BM;Guo L;Brenton J;Langley L;Normando EM;Cordeiro MF
通讯作者：
Cordeiro MF
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Morrison, JC;Moore, CG;Johnson, EC
通讯作者：
Johnson, EC
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
MORRISON, J;FARRELL, S;GROSSMANN, E
通讯作者：
GROSSMANN, E
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Levkovitch-Verbin, H;Quigley, HA;Valenta, DF
通讯作者：
Valenta, DF