Design and Challenges of Sonodynamic Therapy System for Cancer Theranostics: From Equipment to Sensitizers.
Design and Challenges of Sonodynamic Therapy System for Cancer Theranostics: From Equipment to Sensitizers.
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DOI：
10.1002/advs.202002178
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dai Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong Z;Dai Z
作为一种结合低强度超声和声敏剂的新型非侵入性治疗方式，声动力学治疗（SDT）具有高组织穿透能力，可治疗光动力学治疗（PDT）难以治疗的较深病变，这是光的组织穿透深度低的主要限制，因此具有很好的临床应用前景。SDT的有效性和可行性不仅依赖于开发稳定、灵活的SDT仪器，而且依赖于筛选特异性和安全性好的声敏剂。从超声剂量设定、声敏剂筛选、肿瘤定位、温度监测和活性氧检测5个方面对超声诊断设备的关键技术进行了探讨，并对超声诊断设备的发展前景进行了展望。此外，还介绍了一些最先进的SDT多功能设备，集诊断和治疗为一体，以实现准确的SDT。此外，概述了声敏剂的发展，从小分子敏化剂纳米/微米增强敏化剂。几种类型的纳米材料增强的SDT正在讨论中，包括卟啉基纳米材料、卟啉样纳米材料、无机纳米材料和有机-无机杂化纳米材料，它们具有不同的策略来提高SDT治疗效果。毫无疑问，先进的设备、基于智能纳米材料的声敏剂和多学科合作将促进声动力学治疗的快速发展和临床转化。声动力学疗法作为一种新型的非侵入性肿瘤治疗方法，尽管在设备和敏化剂方面存在一些问题，但仍有很大的临床应用前景。本文着重介绍了声敏治疗技术在活体监测和高精度治疗系统方面的最新进展，并对先进的声敏治疗系统的设计作了概述。并对今后临床应用中的挑战进行了讨论。
As a novel noninvasive therapeutic modality combining low‐intensity ultrasound and sonosensitizers, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is promising for clinical translation due to its high tissue‐penetrating capability to treat deeper lesions intractable by photodynamic therapy (PDT), which suffers from the major limitation of low tissue penetration depth of light. The effectiveness and feasibility of SDT are regarded to rely on not only the development of stable and flexible SDT apparatus, but also the screening of sonosensitizers with good specificity and safety. To give an outlook of the development of SDT equipment, the key technologies are discussed according to five aspects including ultrasonic dose settings, sonosensitizer screening, tumor positioning, temperature monitoring, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection. In addition, some state‐of‐the‐art SDT multifunctional equipment integrating diagnosis and treatment for accurate SDT are introduced. Further, an overview of the development of sonosensitizers is provided from small molecular sensitizers to nano/microenhanced sensitizers. Several types of nanomaterial‐augmented SDT are in discussion, including porphyrin‐based nanomaterials, porphyrin‐like nanomaterials, inorganic nanomaterials, and organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials with different strategies to improve SDT therapeutic efficacy. There is no doubt that the rapid development and clinical translation of sonodynamic therapy will be promoted by advanced equipment, smart nanomaterial‐based sonosensitizer, and multidisciplinary collaboration. As a novel noninvasive cancer therapeutic modality, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is promising to clinical translation, in spite of several problems in equipment and sensitizer. The recent development in SDT in terms of living monitoring and high accuracy treatment system is highlighted and an overview is provided for advanced sonosensitizer design. The challenge in future clinical use is also discussed.
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