Selective stopping? Maybe not.
Selective stopping? Maybe not.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0032122
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发表时间：
2014-02
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Logan, Gordon D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bissett, Patrick G.;Logan, Gordon D.
选择性停止范式解决受控行为的选择性，因为受试者停止某些反应或对某些刺激的反应。文献讨论了两种选择性停止策略。首先，选择性停止可以通过添加判别阶段（独立判别然后停止）来延长停止过程。其次，选择性停止可以涉及非选择性地停止，然后如果信号是忽略信号则重新开始响应（停止然后判别）。我们发现了第一个策略的一个变体，该策略经常出现在我们的实验和之前发表的实验中：区分停止和忽略信号的要求可能会与 go 过程相互作用，从而使独立竞赛模型无效（依赖区分然后停止）。我们的实验集中于刺激选择性停止，其中受试者停止一个信号并忽略另一个信号。当停止和忽略信号的可能性相同时，一些受试者使用“停止然后辨别”策略，而其他受试者则使用“依赖辨别然后停止”策略。当停止信号比忽略信号更频繁时，大多数受试者会使用“停止然后区分”策略；当忽略信号比停止信号更频繁时，大多数受试者会使用依赖判别然后停止策略。普遍接受的“独立歧视然后停止”策略很少得到实施。选择性停止要么不是选择性的（停止然后辨别），要么与前进相互作用（依赖辨别然后停止）。讨论了选择性停止对认知科学、寿命发展、临床科学和神经科学的影响。
Selective stopping paradigms address selectivity in controlled behavior, as subjects stop certain responses or responses to certain stimuli. The literature has discussed two strategies for selective stopping. First, selective stopping may prolong the stop process by adding a discrimination stage (Independent Discriminate then Stop). Second, selective stopping may involve stopping non-selectively and then restarting the response if the signal is an ignore signal (Stop then Discriminate). We discovered a variant of the first strategy that occurred often in our experiments and previously published experiments: the requirement to discriminate stop and ignore signals may interact with the go process, invalidating the independent race model (Dependent Discriminate then Stop). Our experiments focused on stimulus selective stopping, in which subjects stop to one signal and ignore another. When stop and ignore signals were equally likely, some subjects used the Stop then Discriminate strategy and others used the Dependent Discriminate then Stop strategy. When stop signals were more frequent than ignore signals, most subjects used the Stop then Discriminate strategy; when ignore signals were more frequent than stop signals, most subjects used the Dependent Discriminate then Stop strategy. The commonly accepted Independent Discriminate then Stop strategy was seldom implemented. Selective stopping was either not selective (Stop then Discriminate), or interacted with going (Dependent Discriminate then Stop). Implications for the cognitive science, lifespan development, clinical science, and neuroscience of selective stopping are discussed.
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