Transpositional shuffling and quality control in male germ cells to enhance evolution of complex organisms.
Transpositional shuffling and quality control in male germ cells to enhance evolution of complex organisms.
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DOI：
10.1111/nyas.12608
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Mattick JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Werner A;Piatek MJ;Mattick JS
复杂的生物体，特别是哺乳动物，具有较长的世代时间，产生的后代数量较少，并且经历越来越复杂的发育程序。这降低了此类生物体探索进化空间的能力，因此，缓解这一问题的策略可能具有战略优势。在这里，我们建议动物利用转座子的受控改组来增强基因组变异性，并结合分子筛选机制来排除有害事件。因此，雄性生殖细胞发育过程中抑制性 DNA 甲基化标记的去除是一种利用转座元件的诱变潜力的进化功能。精子发生减数分裂阶段的转录波产生所有哺乳动物细胞中最复杂的转录组，包括基因和非编码正义-反义RNA对，这些RNA对实现全基因组质量控制机制。未通过基因组质量测试的细胞将被排除在进一步发育之外，最终产生积极选择的成熟精子群体。我们认为，这些过程、增强的变异性和严格的分子质量控制，可以补偿复杂动物适应和进化的明显降低的潜力。
Complex organisms, particularly mammals, have long generation times and produce small numbers of progeny that undergo increasingly entangled developmental programs. This reduces the ability of such organisms to explore evolutionary space, and, consequently, strategies that mitigate this problem likely have a strategic advantage. Here, we suggest that animals exploit the controlled shuffling of transposons to enhance genomic variability in conjunction with a molecular screening mechanism to exclude deleterious events. Accordingly, the removal of repressive DNA-methylation marks during male germ cell development is an evolved function that exploits the mutagenic potential of transposable elements. A wave of transcription during the meiotic phase of spermatogenesis produces the most complex transcriptome of all mammalian cells, including genic and noncoding sense–antisense RNA pairs that enable a genome-wide quality-control mechanism. Cells that fail the genomic quality test are excluded from further development, eventually resulting in a positively selected mature sperm population. We suggest that these processes, enhanced variability and stringent molecular quality control, compensate for the apparent reduced potential of complex animals to adapt and evolve.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0600148103
发表时间：
2006-05-16
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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影响因子：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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