Why Seek Asylum? The Roles of Integration and Financial Support
Why Seek Asylum? The Roles of Integration and Financial Support
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为什么寻求庇护？
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-2435.2009.00552.x
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Zimmermann S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zimmermann S
对寻求庇护者在收容地区寻求有利条件的怀疑已成为一个有争议和流行的话题。这导致了对经济移民的指控，并采取了威慑和预防措施，试图控制这一“问题”，特别是，庇护程序的统一性一直是欧洲协调谈判的一个关键目标。作为一个小型的定性研究，本文基于对寻求庇护的索马里人进行的13次半结构化访谈。它的目的是探讨目的地的选择，参考一些人的经验和解释，否则他们的声音在很大程度上被排除在辩论之外。它问到什么程度以及为什么会发生。它揭示了拥有家园、工作、教育等是流亡对这些人意味着什么的关键部分，因此展示了通常被认为是“自愿”关注的主题背后的反应。然而，目的地的选择是有限的，影响更大的是人口走私者或代理人，他们最依赖于帮助他们通过预防性边境管制入境。除此之外，威慑或预防措施没有任何效果。这些数据也被用来探索有争议的和类似的研究不足的财政支持的作用。事实证明，这与人们在适应新的领域和处理他们暂时的不利条件时所拥有的利益有关，而不是作为怀疑的理由。这项研究支持的论点，政策制定者应该集中较少的威慑或预防，而更多的存在，以推动这种运动的条件。报告的调查结果表明，不确定性、支持或生活质量的不足可能对寻求庇护造成压力，这些问题应由决策者解决;报告还认为，移徙的“自愿”方面可能更容易被视为流亡的一部分。
The suspicion that asylum seekers seek beneficial conditions in host areas has become a controversial and popular topic. It has led to accusations of economic migration, with deterrent and preventative measures introduced to try to control this “problem”, and in particular, the intended uniformity of asylum procedures has been a key aim of European harmonisation talks. As a small, qualitative study, this article is based upon thirteen semi‐structured interviews held with Somali individuals who sought asylum. It aims to explore destination choices with reference to the experiences and explanations given by some whose voices are otherwise largely excluded from debates. It asks to what extents and why they occurred. It reveals that having homes, jobs, educations, and more were key parts of what exile meant to these individuals, and so demonstrates reactivity behind topics more typically held to be “voluntary” concerns. Choices upon destinations were limited, however, and far bigger influences were the people smugglers or agents whom most relied upon to facilitate their entries past the preventative border controls. Beyond this, deterrence or prevention measures had no effect. The data is also used to explore the controversial and similarly under‐researched role of financial support. It is shown to have been connected with the interests that persons had in adjusting to new areas and dealing with their interim disadvantage, and not as something that justifies suspicions. This study supports arguments that policy makers should concentrate less upon deterrence or prevention, and more on the conditions that exist to propel such movements. Its findings suggest that insufficient certainty, support, or quality of life can create pressures for seeking asylum and that these should be addressed by policy makers; it also argues that “voluntary” aspects of movements might more recognisably be parts of exile.
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