Tumor Microenvironment Regulation and Cancer Targeting Therapy Based on Nanoparticles.
Tumor Microenvironment Regulation and Cancer Targeting Therapy Based on Nanoparticles.
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基于纳米颗粒的肿瘤微环境调控与肿瘤靶向治疗。
DOI：
10.3390/jfb14030136
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发表时间：
2023-02-28
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wang L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han S;Chi Y;Yang Z;Ma J;Wang L
尽管我们在癌症意识和医疗技术方面取得了显著成就，但癌症发病率和死亡率仍在大幅上升。然而，包括免疫治疗在内的大多数抗肿瘤策略在临床应用中表现出低效率。越来越多的证据表明，这种低疗效可能与肿瘤微环境（TME）的免疫抑制密切相关。TME在肿瘤的发生、发展和转移中起重要作用。因此，在抗肿瘤治疗过程中有必要对TME进行调控。近年来，人们通过抑制肿瘤血管生成、逆转肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）表型、消除T细胞免疫抑制等多种途径对TME进行调控，其中，纳米技术在将调控因子导入TME，进一步提高抗肿瘤治疗效果方面显示出巨大的潜力。适当设计的纳米材料可以将调节剂和/或治疗剂携带到合适的位置或细胞，以引发特异性免疫反应并进一步杀死肿瘤细胞。具体而言，所设计的纳米颗粒不仅可以直接逆转原发性TME免疫抑制，而且还可以诱导有效的全身免疫应答，这将在转移之前防止小生境形成并抑制肿瘤复发。本文综述了纳米粒在肿瘤治疗、肿瘤转移抑制、肿瘤转移调控等方面的研究进展。并对纳米载体在肿瘤治疗中的前景和潜力进行了讨论。
Although we have made remarkable achievements in cancer awareness and medical technology, there are still tremendous increases in cancer incidence and mortality. However, most anti-tumor strategies, including immunotherapy, show low efficiency in clinical application. More and more evidence suggest that this low efficacy may be closely related to the immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME plays a significant role in tumorigenesis, development, and metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the TME during antitumor therapy. Several strategies are developing to regulate the TME as inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, reversing tumor associated macrophage (TAM) phenotype, removing T cell immunosuppression, and so on. Among them, nanotechnology shows great potential for delivering regulators into TME, which further enhance the antitumor therapy efficacy. Properly designed nanomaterials can carry regulators and/or therapeutic agents to eligible locations or cells to trigger specific immune response and further kill tumor cells. Specifically, the designed nanoparticles could not only directly reverse the primary TME immunosuppression, but also induce effective systemic immune response, which would prevent niche formation before metastasis and inhibit tumor recurrence. In this review, we summarized the development of nanoparticles (NPs) for anti-cancer therapy, TME regulation, and tumor metastasis inhibition. We also discussed the prospect and potential of nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
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