Analysis of Active Methylotrophic Communities: When DNA-SIP Meets High-Throughput Technologies.

Analysis of Active Methylotrophic Communities: When DNA-SIP Meets High-Throughput Technologies.
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活跃甲基营养群落分析:当 DNA-SIP 遇到高通量技术时。

DOI:
10.1007/978-1-4939-3369-3_14
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Taubert M
Taubert M
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Taubert M

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甲基营养菌是环境中普遍存在的微生物,可以代谢一碳(C1)化合物作为碳和/或能源。这些原核生物的活动影响其各自栖息地内的地球化学循环,并可以确定这些栖息地是否作为C1化合物的源或汇。由于C1化合物的高度重要性,不仅在地球化学循环中,而且在气候过程中,了解这些微生物对不同环境中碳循环的贡献至关重要。在研究甲基营养菌时,以及在一般环境微生物学中,最具挑战性的问题之一是哪些物种对感兴趣的环境过程做出贡献,或者“谁做什么,在哪里和什么时候?”碳同位素标记技术是一种研究甲基营养型群落碳通量的重要方法。将13 C掺入到活性甲基营养菌的生物质中会导致其生物分子的分子量增加。对于基于DNA的稳定同位素探测(DNA-SIP),通过等密度超离心分离标记和未标记的DNA。通过高通量测序技术(即靶向宏基因组学)从复杂背景群落中特异性分析活性甲基营养菌DNA的能力是DNA-SIP用于阐明生态系统功能的标志性优势,本章详细介绍了一种方案。
Methylotrophs are microorganisms ubiquitous in the environment that can metabolize one-carbon (C1) compounds as carbon and/or energy sources. The activity of these prokaryotes impacts biogeochemical cycles within their respective habitats and can determine whether these habitats act as sources or sinks of C1 compounds. Due to the high importance of C1 compounds, not only in biogeochemical cycles, but also for climatic processes, it is vital to understand the contributions of these microorganisms to carbon cycling in different environments. One of the most challenging questions when investigating methylotrophs, but also in environmental microbiology in general, is which species contribute to the environmental processes of interest, or “who does what, where and when?” Metabolic labeling with C1 compounds substituted with13C, a technique called stable isotope probing, is a key method to trace carbon fluxes within methylotrophic communities. The incorporation of13C into the biomass of active methylotrophs leads to an increase in the molecular mass of their biomolecules. For DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP), labeled and unlabeled DNA is separated by isopycnic ultracentrifugation. The ability to specifically analyze DNA of active methylotrophs from a complex background community by high-throughput sequencing techniques, i.e. targeted metagenomics, is the hallmark strength of DNA-SIP for elucidating ecosystem functioning, and a protocol is detailed in this chapter.
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