The morphometrics of "masculinity" in human faces.
The morphometrics of "masculinity" in human faces.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0118374
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Schaefer K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mitteroecker P;Windhager S;Müller GB;Schaefer K
在社会推理和人类择偶偏好的研究中，人们设计出了一系列广泛但不一致的工具来计算面部男性气质。其中一些方法隐含地假设，性别二态形状特征的个体表达（我们称之为男性）类似于被视为男性的面部形状特征。我们概述了一种形态测量策略，用于分别估计构成感知男性气质和男性气质的面部形状模式，并计算这些形状模式的个人分数。我们进一步展示了如何在几何形态测量框架中构建具有不同男性气质或男性气质的面孔。在将这些方法应用于一组人类面部照片时，我们发现通常被视为男性的形状特征是宽脸、宽眼眶距离、宽鼻子、薄嘴唇和大而厚重的下脸。这种形状特征组合的个体表达——男性气质形状得分——是比较方法中评估男性气质的最佳预测指标（r = 0.5）。被视为男性的形状特征仅部分类似于男性和女性之间的平均面部形状差异（性别二态性）。判别函数和与女性平均形状的普罗克拉斯特距离对于感知男性气质的预测效果很差。
In studies of social inference and human mate preference, a wide but inconsistent array of tools for computing facial masculinity has been devised. Several of these approaches implicitly assumed that the individual expression of sexually dimorphic shape features, which we refer to as maleness, resembles facial shape features perceived as masculine. We outline a morphometric strategy for estimating separately the face shape patterns that underlie perceived masculinity and maleness, and for computing individual scores for these shape patterns. We further show how faces with different degrees of masculinity or maleness can be constructed in a geometric morphometric framework. In an application of these methods to a set of human facial photographs, we found that shape features typically perceived as masculine are wide faces with a wide inter-orbital distance, a wide nose, thin lips, and a large and massive lower face. The individual expressions of this combination of shape features—the masculinity shape scores—were the best predictor of rated masculinity among the compared methods (r = 0.5). The shape features perceived as masculine only partly resembled the average face shape difference between males and females (sexual dimorphism). Discriminant functions and Procrustes distances to the female mean shape were poor predictors of perceived masculinity.
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影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Gunz, Philipp;Mitteroecker, Philipp
通讯作者：
Mitteroecker, Philipp
DOI：
10.1037/a0016457
发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
DeBruine, Lisa M.;Jones, Benedict C.;Little, Anthony C.
通讯作者：
Little, Anthony C.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Mardia, KV;Bookstein, FL;Moreton, IJ
通讯作者：
Moreton, IJ
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Little, Anthony C.;Jones, Benedict C.;DeBruine, Lisa M.
通讯作者：
DeBruine, Lisa M.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Mitteroecker, P;Gunz, P;Bookstein, FL
通讯作者：
Bookstein, FL