Gender differences in and factors related to self-care behaviors: a cross-sectional, correlational study of patients with heart failure.
Gender differences in and factors related to self-care behaviors: a cross-sectional, correlational study of patients with heart failure.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.05.008
复制
发表时间：
2008-12
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Chung ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heo S;Moser DK;Lennie TA;Riegel B;Chung ML
虽然自我护理可以减少心力衰竭的恶化，但据报道，心力衰竭患者有效的自我护理率很低。可改变的因素，包括心理社会状况、知识和身体因素，被认为会影响心力衰竭的自我护理，但对它们对自我护理的综合影响知之甚少。目的探讨心力衰竭患者自我护理行为的相关因素。设计采用横断面、相关研究设计。参与者和环境从一个学术医疗中心和两个社区医院的门诊招募122例患者（男性77例，女性45例，平均年龄60±12岁，66%纽约心脏协会功能等级III/IV）。方法收集患者自我护理行为（心衰自我护理指数）、抑郁症状、感知控制、自我护理信心、知识、功能状况、社会支持等数据。采用层次多元回归分析自我护理相关因素。结果自我保健行为平均得分低于70分，表明大多数HF患者没有持续地从事自我保健行为。较高的自我护理信心、感知控制和较好的心力衰竭管理知识与较好的自我护理相关（r2=.25, p<.001）。男性较高的自我控制知觉和较好的自我保健知识与较好的自我保健行为相关（r2=.18, p=.001），女性较高的自我保健信心和较差的自我保健状态与较好的自我保健行为相关（r2=.35, p<.001）。结论自我护理能力自信、自我控制知觉和自我护理知识等可调节因素对自我护理行为有显著影响。本研究表明，尽管在基线上男性和女性具有相似的知识水平、身体、心理和行为状况，但影响自我保健的因素存在性别差异。应针对可改变的因素和男性和女性的独特特征提供有效的干预措施，以改善心力衰竭患者的自我保健行为。
BACKGROUNDAlthough self-care may reduce exacerbations of heart failure, reported rates of effective self-care in patients with heart failure are low. Modifiable factors, including psychosocial status, knowledge, and physical factors, are thought to influence heart failure self-care, but little is known about their combined impact on self-care.OBJECTIVESThe objective of this study was to identify factors related to self-care behaviors in patients with heart failure.DESIGNA cross-sectional, correlational study design was used.PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGSOne hundred twenty-two patients (77 men and 45 women, mean age 60±12 years old, 66% New York Heart Association functional class III/IV) were recruited from the outpatient clinics of an academic medical center and two community hospitals.METHODSData on self-care behaviors (Self-Care of Heart Failure Index), depressive symptoms, perceived control, self-care confidence, knowledge, functional status, and social support were collected. Factors related to self-care were examined using hierarchical multiple regression.RESULTSMean self-care behavior scores were less than 70 indicating the majority of men and women with HF did not consistently engage in self-care behaviors. Higher self-care confidence and perceived control and better heart failure management knowledge were associated with better self-care (r2=.25, p<.001). Higher perceived control and better knowledge were related to better self-care behaviors in men (r2=.18, p=.001), while higher self-care confidence and poorer functional status were related to better self-care behaviors in women (r2=.35, p<.001).CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates the substantial impact of modifiable factors such as confidence in one’s self-care abilities, perceived control, and knowledge on self-care behaviors. This study demonstrates that there are gender differences in factors affecting self-care, even though at baseline men and women have similar knowledge levels, physical, psychological, and behavioral status. Effective interventions focusing on modifiable factors and the unique characteristics of men and women should be provided to improve self-care behaviors in patients with heart failure.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
--
作者：
GHALI, JK;KADAKIA, S;FERLINZ, J
通讯作者：
FERLINZ, J
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Michalsen, A;König, G;Thimme, W
通讯作者：
Thimme, W
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Glasgow, RE;Funnell, MM;Wagner, EH
通讯作者：
Wagner, EH
影响因子：
6
作者：
Baker, DW;Asch, SM;Keeler, EB
通讯作者：
Keeler, EB
影响因子：
2
作者：
Lennie, Terry A.;Moser, Debra K.;Zambroski, Cheryl H.
通讯作者：
Zambroski, Cheryl H.