Intercellular Communication by Vascular Endothelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their MicroRNAs in Respiratory Diseases.
Intercellular Communication by Vascular Endothelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their MicroRNAs in Respiratory Diseases.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmolb.2020.619697
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Kuwano K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujimoto S;Fujita Y;Kadota T;Araya J;Kuwano K
呼吸系统疾病及其合并症，如心血管疾病和肌肉萎缩，在世界范围内一直在增加。细胞外囊泡（EV），包括外泌体和微囊泡，从几乎所有的细胞类型中释放，并在细胞间通讯中起着至关重要的作用，无论是在调节稳态还是在各种疾病的发病机制中。外泌体是内体来源的，直径在50至150 nm的尺寸范围内，而微泡是通过质膜的直接向外出芽产生的，直径在100 - 2，000 nm的尺寸范围内。EV可以含有各种蛋白质、代谢物和核酸，例如mRNA、非编码RNA物质和DNA片段。此外，EV中的这些核酸可以通过EV货物在受体细胞中起作用。内皮细胞是一种具有重要生物学意义的分布式器官，内皮细胞功能受损与呼吸系统疾病如慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺动脉高压和急性呼吸窘迫综合征的发病机制有关。内皮细胞衍生的EV（EC-EV）通过体循环传播到远处，在生理和病理条件下发挥关键作用。本文综述了EC-EV中血管microRNA在呼吸系统疾病中的病理作用，主要集中在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺动脉高压和急性呼吸窘迫综合征。此外，本文还讨论了EC-EV作为呼吸系统疾病治疗药物的潜在临床用途。
Respiratory diseases and their comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and muscle atrophy, have been increasing in the world. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include exosomes and microvesicles, are released from almost all cell types and play crucial roles in intercellular communication, both in the regulation of homeostasis and the pathogenesis of various diseases. Exosomes are of endosomal origin and range in size from 50 to 150 nm in diameter, while microvesicles are generated by the direct outward budding of the plasma membrane in size ranges of 100–2,000 nm in diameter. EVs can contain various proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids, such as mRNA, non-coding RNA species, and DNA fragments. In addition, these nucleic acids in EVs can be functional in recipient cells through EV cargo. The endothelium is a distributed organ of considerable biological importance, and disrupted endothelial function is involved in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Endothelial cell-derived EVs (EC-EVs) play crucial roles in both physiological and pathological conditions by traveling to distant sites through systemic circulation. This review summarizes the pathological roles of vascular microRNAs contained in EC-EVs in respiratory diseases, mainly focusing on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Furthermore, this review discusses the potential clinical usefulness of EC-EVs as therapeutic agents in respiratory diseases.
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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