Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
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DOI:
10.3390/antiox12071379
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发表时间:
2023-07-03
期刊:
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
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氧化应激在与年龄相关的眼部疾病中起着至关重要的作用,包括年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、白内障和青光眼。随着年龄的增长,抗氧化修复能力下降,过量的活性氧在许多与年龄相关的病理学相关的眼细胞类型中产生氧化损伤。在AMD中,老年人的中心视力丧失主要是由视网膜色素上皮(RPE)功能障碍和变性和/或脉络膜新生血管形成引起的,其触发光敏感光细胞的功能障碍和丧失。沿着导致AMD的各种遗传和环境因素,衰老和与年龄相关的氧化损伤在AMD发病机制中具有关键性参与。为此,饮食中摄入抗氧化剂是一种行之有效的方法,可以消除自由基,预防或减缓AMD的进展。本文就AMD的临床和实验研究作一综述。抗氧化剂和膳食微量营养素在AMD中的有益作用也进行了总结。
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in aging-related eye diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, and glaucoma. With age, antioxidant reparative capacity decreases, and excess levels of reactive oxygen species produce oxidative damage in many ocular cell types underling age-related pathologies. In AMD, loss of central vision in the elderly is caused primarily by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction and degeneration and/or choroidal neovascularization that trigger malfunction and loss of photo-sensing photoreceptor cells. Along with various genetic and environmental factors that contribute to AMD, aging and age-related oxidative damage have critical involvement in AMD pathogenesis. To this end, dietary intake of antioxidants is a proven way to scavenge free radicals and to prevent or slow AMD progression. This review focuses on AMD and highlights the pathogenic role of oxidative stress in AMD from both clinical and experimental studies. The beneficial roles of antioxidants and dietary micronutrients in AMD are also summarized.
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