The minor chicken class I gene BF1 is deleted between short imperfect direct repeats in the B14 and typical B15 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes.
The minor chicken class I gene BF1 is deleted between short imperfect direct repeats in the B14 and typical B15 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00251-023-01313-9
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发表时间：
2023-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Kaufman, Jim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rocos, Nicolas I. E.;Coulter, Felicity J.;Tan, Thomas C. J.;Kaufman, Jim
鸡的主要组织相容性复合体（MHC，也称为B座的BF-BL区）非常小且简单，基因很少，其中大部分参与抗原加工和递呈。有两个经典的I类基因，其中只有BF2作为细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（ctl）的主要配体被系统表达。另一类基因BF1被认为主要是一种自然杀伤（NK）细胞配体。在详细检查的大多数标准鸡MHC单倍型中，由于启动子或剪接位点的缺陷，BF1在RNA水平上的表达比BF2少10倍。然而，在B14和典型的B15单倍型中，没有检测到BF1 RNA，在这里，我们发现在不完美的32个核苷酸直接重复之间的缺失完全去除了BF1基因。没有BF1基因的表型效应（特别是对传染性病原体的抗性）尚未被系统地探索，但在一些BF1启动子和在B位点BG区域发现的一些BG基因的5 ‘非翻译区（5 ’ utr）中也发现了短直接重复之间的缺失。尽管鸡MHC中同源基因的转录方向相反，这可能会防止最小基本MHC中关键基因的丢失，但似乎小的直接重复仍然可以导致缺失。在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1007/s00251-023-01313-9获得。
The chicken major histocompatibility complex (MHC, also known as the BF-BL region of the B locus) is notably small and simple with few genes, most of which are involved in antigen processing and presentation. There are two classical class I genes, of which only BF2 is well and systemically expressed as the major ligand for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The other class I gene, BF1, is believed to be primarily a natural killer (NK) cell ligand. Among most standard chicken MHC haplotypes examined in detail, BF1 is expressed tenfold less than BF2 at the RNA level due to defects in the promoter or in a splice site. However, in the B14 and typical B15 haplotypes, BF1 RNA was not detected, and here, we show that a deletion between imperfect 32 nucleotide direct repeats has removed the BF1 gene entirely. The phenotypic effects of not having a BF1 gene (particularly on resistance to infectious pathogens) have not been systematically explored, but such deletions between short direct repeats are also found in some BF1 promoters and in the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) of some BG genes found in the BG region of the B locus. Despite the opposite transcriptional orientation of homologous genes in the chicken MHC, which might prevent the loss of key genes from a minimal essential MHC, it appears that small direct repeats can still lead to deletion. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00251-023-01313-9.
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