Microbial Community Structure and Function Indicate the Severity of Chromium Contamination of the Yellow River.
Microbial Community Structure and Function Indicate the Severity of Chromium Contamination of the Yellow River.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2018.00038
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Li X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pei Y;Yu Z;Ji J;Khan A;Li X
黄河是中国北方最重要的水资源。近年来，由于工业生产和其他人为活动，重金属污染变得严重。本研究在黄河甘肃工业河段采集了不同铬（Cr）污染严重程度的河岸土壤样品，包括未污染地点（XC、XGU）、轻度污染地点（LJX、XGD）和重度污染地点（CG、XG）。这些样品的 Cr 浓度从 83.83 mg·kg-1 (XGU) 到 506.58 mg·kg-1 (XG) 不等。本研究收集的土壤中铬酸盐[Cr(VI)]还原能力的顺序为重度污染>轻度污染>未污染。在 XG 和 CG 样品中检测到常见的 Cr 修复基因 chrA 和 yieF。 qRT-PCR结果显示，用Cr(VI)处理30分钟后，XG和CG样品中chrA的表达分别上调4倍和3倍，而同一样品中yieF的表达分别上调66倍和7倍。与 Cr (VI) 一起孵育 35 天后，chrA 和 yieF 的拷贝数没有变化。铬污染采样点的微生物群落与未污染样品中的微生物群落不同。尤其是，污染组中厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的相对丰度高于未污染组，而放线菌门的相对丰度低于未污染组。此外，与 Cr 相关的潜在指示物种，例如 Cr 修复属（Geobacter、PSB-M-3、Flavobacter 和 Methanosarcina）；还鉴定了 Cr 敏感属（Skermanella、Iamia、Arthrobacter 和 Candidatus Nitrososphaera）。这些数据表明铬改变了微生物的组成和功能。此外，Cr (VI) 还原能力可能与 Cr 修复基因的表达有关。
The Yellow River is the most important water resource in northern China. In the recent past, heavy metal contamination has become severe due to industrial processes and other anthropogenic activities. In this study, riparian soil samples with varying levels of chromium (Cr) pollution severity were collected along the Gansu industrial reach of the Yellow River, including samples from uncontaminated sites (XC, XGU), slightly contaminated sites (LJX, XGD), and heavily contaminated sites (CG, XG). The Cr concentrations of these samples varied from 83.83 mg⋅kg-1 (XGU) to 506.58 mg⋅kg-1 (XG). The chromate [Cr (VI)] reducing ability in the soils collected in this study followed the sequence of the heavily contaminated > slightly contaminated > the un-contaminated. Common Cr remediation genes chrA and yieF were detected in the XG and CG samples. qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of chrA was up-regulated four and threefold in XG and CG samples, respectively, whereas the expression of yieF was up-regulated 66- and 7-fold in the same samples after 30 min treatment with Cr (VI). The copy numbers of chrA and yieF didn’t change after 35 days incubation with Cr (VI). The microbial communities in the Cr contaminated sampling sites were different from those in the uncontaminated samples. Especially, the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were higher while Actinobacteria was lower in the contaminated group than uncontaminated group. Further, potential indicator species, related to Cr such as Cr-remediation genera (Geobacter, PSB-M-3, Flavobacterium, and Methanosarcina); the Cr-sensitive genera (Skermanella, Iamia, Arthrobacter, and Candidatus Nitrososphaera) were also identified. These data revealed that Cr shifted microbial composition and function. Further, Cr (VI) reducing ability could be related with the expression of Cr remediation genes.
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