Modulation of Amyloidogenic Protein Self-Assembly Using Tethered Small Molecules.

Modulation of Amyloidogenic Protein Self-Assembly Using Tethered Small Molecules.
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利用系留小分子调节淀粉样蛋白自组装。

DOI:
10.1021/jacs.0c10629
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发表时间:
2020-12-09
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Wilson AJ
Wilson AJ
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cawood EE;Guthertz N;Ebo JS;Karamanos TK;Radford SE;Wilson AJ

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蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)参与许多生命的基本生物功能,但也是几种人类疾病的根本原因,包括淀粉样变性。PPI的调节提供了获得对淀粉样蛋白组装的机制见解的机会,特别是通过使用可以捕获特定中间体以进行详细研究的方法。这些信息也可以为药物发现提供起点。在这里,我们证明,共价连接的小分子片段可用于稳定淀粉样蛋白原纤维形成过程中的特定低聚物,促进这些组装中间体的结构表征。我们使用人蛋白β2-微球蛋白(β 2 m)的天然截短变体(ΔN6)来验证共价束缚的能力,该变体组装成与透析相关的淀粉样变性相关的淀粉样纤维。使用这种方法,我们在通常会导致原纤维形成的条件下捕获了由ΔN6形成的四聚体,并发现四聚体稳定化的程度取决于共价系链的位点和蛋白质-片段相互作用的性质。共价蛋白质-配体连接使得能够使用X射线晶体学和NMR对这些被捕获的非途径寡聚体进行结构表征,从而深入了解为什么四聚体稳定化抑制淀粉样蛋白组装。我们的发现突出了“翻译后化学修饰”作为研究生物分子机制的工具的力量。
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are involved in many of life’s essential biological functions yet are also an underlying cause of several human diseases, including amyloidosis. The modulation of PPIs presents opportunities to gain mechanistic insights into amyloid assembly, particularly through the use of methods which can trap specific intermediates for detailed study. Such information can also provide a starting point for drug discovery. Here, we demonstrate that covalently tethered small molecule fragments can be used to stabilize specific oligomers during amyloid fibril formation, facilitating the structural characterization of these assembly intermediates. We exemplify the power of covalent tethering using the naturally occurring truncated variant (ΔN6) of the human protein β2-microglobulin (β2m), which assembles into amyloid fibrils associated with dialysis-related amyloidosis. Using this approach, we have trapped tetramers formed by ΔN6 under conditions which would normally lead to fibril formation and found that the degree of tetramer stabilization depends on the site of the covalent tether and the nature of the protein–fragment interaction. The covalent protein–ligand linkage enabled structural characterization of these trapped, off-pathway oligomers using X-ray crystallography and NMR, providing insight into why tetramer stabilization inhibits amyloid assembly. Our findings highlight the power of “post-translational chemical modification” as a tool to study biological molecular mechanisms.
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