Adult dermal stem cells for scaffold-free cartilage tissue engineering - exploration of strategies.

Dermis isolated adult stem cells (DIAS), abundantly available, are attractive for regenerative medicine. Strategies have been devised to isolate and to chondro-induce DIAS cells from various animals. This study aimed to characterize DIAS cells from human abdominal skin (hDIAS cells) and to compare and to refine various chondro-induction regimens to form functional neocartilage constructs. The stemness of hDIAS cells was verified (Phase I), three chondro-induction pre-treatments were compared (Phase II), and, from these, one regimen was carried forward for refinement in Phase III for improving the mechanical properties of hDIAS cell-derived constructs. Multilineage differentiation and mesenchymal stem cell markers were observed. Among various chondro-induction pre-treatments, the nodule formation pre-treatment yielded constructs at least 72% larger in diameter, with higher GAG content by 44%, compared to other pre-treatments. Further, it was found that culturing cells on non-tissue culture treated surfaces yielded constructs 1) on par with constructs derived from aggrecan-coated surfaces and 2) with superior mechanical properties than constructs derived from cells cultured on tissue culture treated surfaces. After the nodule formation pre-treatment, combined supplementation of TGF-β1, IGF-I, and fetal bovine serum significantly enhanced aggregate modulus and shear modulus by 75% and 69%, respectively, over the supplementation by TGF-β1 alone. In summary, human skin-derived DIAS cells are responsive to chondro-induction for forming neocartilage. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the resultant human constructs can be improved by treatments shown to be efficacious in animal models. Advances made toward tissue-engineering cartilage using animal cells were shown to be translated to hDIAS cells for cartilage repair and regeneration.

孤立的成年干细胞（绝对可用）对再生医学有吸引力。比较了三个软骨诱导的预处理（II阶段），从这些方案中，在III期中进行了一个方案，以改善HDIAS细胞衍生的构建体的机械性能，并在各种Pre-Preeations中观察到了较大的nodemation-nodeations-nodew。 Ag含量增加了44％，与其他预处理相比，在非组织培养物上的文化细胞产生的构建体1）与来自脂肪的表面相比，与在组织培养物中培养的细胞相比，具有较高的机械性能的构建体和较高的机械性能。增强在摘要中，单独使用TGF-β1的剪切模量分别为75％和69％。翻译成HDIA细胞用于软骨修复和再生。