Identification of Thymosin β4 as an effector of Hand1-mediated vascular development.

Identification of Thymosin β4 as an effector of Hand1-mediated vascular development.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms1041
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发表时间:
2010-07-27
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Riley, Paul R.
Riley, Paul R.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Smart, Nicola;Dube, Karina N.;Riley, Paul R.

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bHLH转录因子Hand 1(心脏和神经嵴衍生的转录本-1)在心血管发育中具有重要作用;然而,其分子机制尚未阐明。在本文中,我们确定胸腺素β4(Tβ4/Tmsb 4x),它编码的肌动蛋白单体结合蛋白参与细胞迁移和血管生成,作为Hand 1的直接目标。我们证明了Hand 1在共有Thing 1和E-Box位点与Tβ4启动子附近的上游调控区结合,并通过在非经典或经典E-box内的直接结合,鉴定了Hand 1对T β 4的激活和抑制,为bHLH转录因子的基因调控提供了新的见解。Hand 1介导的Tβ4活化对卵黄囊血管发生和胚胎存活至关重要,并且给予合成的TB 4部分挽救了Hand 1缺失胚胎中卵黄囊毛细血管丛的形成。因此,我们确定了一个在体内下游目标手1和揭示受损的卵黄囊血管发生作为早期胚胎死亡的主要原因后,这个关键的bHLH因子的损失。 Hand 1转录因子在心血管发育中起着重要作用。在这里,作者证明了Hand 1调节胸腺素β4,并且合成胸腺素β4的递送可以挽救Hand 1敲除小鼠胚胎中的一些血管缺陷。
The bHLH transcription factor Hand1 (Heart and neural crest-derived transcript-1) has a fundamental role in cardiovascular development; however, the molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this paper we identify Thymosin β4 (Tβ4/Tmsb4x), which encodes an actin monomer-binding protein implicated in cell migration and angiogenesis, as a direct target of Hand1. We demonstrate that Hand1 binds an upstream regulatory region proximal to the promoter of Tβ4 at consensus Thing1 and E-Box sites and identify both activation and repression of Tβ4 by Hand1, through direct binding within either non-canonical or canonical E-boxes, providing new insight into gene regulation by bHLH transcription factors. Hand1-mediated activation of Tβ4 is essential for yolk sac vasculogenesis and embryonic survival, and administration of synthetic TB4 partially rescues yolk sac capillary plexus formation in Hand1-null embryos. Thus, we identify an in vivo downstream target of Hand1 and reveal impaired yolk sac vasculogenesis as a primary cause of early embryonic lethality following loss of this critical bHLH factor. The Hand1 transcription factor plays a central role in cardiovascular development. Here the authors demonstrate that Hand1 regulates thymosin β4 and that the delivery of synthetic thymosin β4 can rescue some of the vascular defects in Hand1 null mouse embryos.
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