Twitter Fingers and Echo Chambers: Exploring Expressions and Experiences of Online Racism Using Twitter.
Twitter Fingers and Echo Chambers: Exploring Expressions and Experiences of Online Racism Using Twitter.
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DOI：
10.1007/s40615-020-00894-5
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Nguyen TT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Criss S;Michaels EK;Solomon K;Allen AM;Nguyen TT
Twitter等社交媒体网站是种族主义和相关压力可能表现出来的一个日益增长的环境。这项探索性定性研究的目的是：1）了解Twitter用户对平台上种族和种族主义内容的生活体验和反应的本质，2）探索他们对Twitter上关于种族和种族主义的讨论如何影响健康和福祉的看法。我们对来自加州伯克利和南卡罗来纳州格林维尔的成年Twitter用户（n=27）进行了六次焦点小组和四次访谈。我们使用NVivo管理数据，并进行解释性现象学分析以确定主题。与会者称，推特内容既公开又微妙地表达了种族主义，特别是对黑人和拉丁裔人，并充当了一个回音室，放大了类似的观点。参与者描述了Twitter用户如何基于匿名的看法而大胆地输入攻击性推文，并且这些推文有时会遭到社区的反对，用于提供集体校准以恢复在线空间的社会规范。参与者认为在Twitter上接触种族主义内容对心理，情绪和身体健康的有害影响。我们的参与者通过阻止用户和关注其他人来应对有害的种族相关内容，以管理他们的Twitter提要，积极参与解决内容，并减少Twitter的使用。推特用户报告说，他们在平台上目睹了种族主义，并找到了保护心理健康的方法，并在社交媒体环境中科普种族和种族主义的讨论。
Social media sites, such as Twitter, represent a growing setting in which racism and related stress may manifest. The aims of this exploratory qualitative study were to: 1) understand the essence of Twitter users’ lived experience with and response to content about race and racism on the platform, and 2) explore their perceptions of how discussions about race and racism on Twitter may impact health and well-being. We conducted six focus groups and four interviews with adult Twitter users (n=27) from Berkeley, California and Greenville, South Carolina. We managed the data with NVivo and conducted an interpretative phenomenological analysis to identify themes. Participants described Twitter content as displaying both overt and subtle expressions of racism, particularly for Black and Latinx people, and serving as an echo chamber where similar viewpoints are amplified. Participants described how Twitter users may feel emboldened to type offensive tweets based on the perception of anonymity, and that these tweets were sometimes met with community disapproval used to provide a collective calibration to restore the social norms of the online space. Participants perceived harmful mental, emotional, and physical health impacts of exposure to racist content on Twitter. Our participants responded to harmful race-related content through blocking users and following others in order to curate their Twitter feeds, actively engaging in addressing content, and reducing Twitter use. Twitter users reported witnessing racism on the platform and have found ways to protect their mental health and cope with discussions of race and racism in this social media environment.
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