Bee venom processes human skin lipids for presentation by CD1a.

Bee venom processes human skin lipids for presentation by CD1a.
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DOI:
10.1084/jem.20141505
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发表时间:
2015-02-09
期刊:
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ogg G
Ogg G
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bourgeois EA;Subramaniam S;Cheng TY;De Jong A;Layre E;Ly D;Salimi M;Legaspi A;Modlin RL;Salio M;Cerundolo V;Moody DB;Ogg G

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蜜蜂和黄蜂的毒液通过磷脂酶A2产生小的新抗原,通过CD1a呈递激活人类T细胞。毒液经常参与宿主的免疫反应,因此研究它们的作用模式可以为新的炎症途径提供见解。使用蜜蜂和黄蜂的毒液反应作为模型系统,我们研究了毒液是否含有cd1呈递抗原。在这里,我们展示了毒液通过CD1a蛋白激活人类T细胞。虽然CD1蛋白通常呈现脂质,但毒液的色谱分离出人意料地显示刺激因子分裂成含有蛋白质的部分。这一发现的解释是,蜜蜂毒液衍生的磷脂酶A2 (PLA2)通过产生小的新抗原(如游离脂肪酸和溶血磷脂)来激活T细胞,这些抗原来自普通的磷酸二酰甘油。患者研究表明,注射PLA2在体内人体皮肤内产生溶血磷脂,多克隆T细胞反应依赖于CD1a蛋白和PLA2。这些发现支持了一种以前未知的基于T细胞识别CD1a蛋白和体内磷脂酶产生的脂质新抗原的皮肤免疫反应。这些发现对T细胞的皮肤屏障感知和磷脂酶依赖性炎症性皮肤病的机制具有启示意义。
Bee and wasp venom generate small neoantigens via phospholipase A2 that activate human T cells via CD1a presentation. Venoms frequently co-opt host immune responses, so study of their mode of action can provide insight into novel inflammatory pathways. Using bee and wasp venom responses as a model system, we investigated whether venoms contain CD1-presented antigens. Here, we show that venoms activate human T cells via CD1a proteins. Whereas CD1 proteins typically present lipids, chromatographic separation of venoms unexpectedly showed that stimulatory factors partition into protein-containing fractions. This finding was explained by demonstrating that bee venom–derived phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activates T cells through generation of small neoantigens, such as free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, from common phosphodiacylglycerides. Patient studies showed that injected PLA2 generates lysophospholipids within human skin in vivo, and polyclonal T cell responses are dependent on CD1a protein and PLA2. These findings support a previously unknown skin immune response based on T cell recognition of CD1a proteins and lipid neoantigen generated in vivo by phospholipases. The findings have implications for skin barrier sensing by T cells and mechanisms underlying phospholipase-dependent inflammatory skin disease.
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