Paramyxovirus activation and inhibition of innate immune responses.
Paramyxovirus activation and inhibition of innate immune responses.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jmb.2013.09.015
复制
发表时间：
2013-12-13
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Alexander-Miller, Martha A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parks, Griffith D.;Alexander-Miller, Martha A.
副粘病毒是一个非常多样化的包膜非节段负链RNA病毒家族，其中一些是人类和动物中最普遍存在的致病病毒。本文综述了副粘病毒激活先天免疫途径的机制，这些RNA病毒抵消这些途径，以及树突状细胞（DC）对副粘病毒感染的先天反应。副粘病毒是细胞外补体途径的有效激活剂，细胞外补体途径是病毒在自然感染期间必须面对的第一道防线。我们讨论了这些病毒激活和对抗补体以延迟中和的机制。一旦细胞被感染，病毒复制驱动I型干扰素（IFN）的合成，有可能诱导大量的抗病毒基因。在这里，我们描述了副粘病毒限制IFN诱导的四种方法：通过限制IFN诱导异常病毒RNA的合成，通过有针对性地抑制RNA传感器，通过提供细胞激酶复合物的病毒诱饵底物，并通过直接阻断IFN启动子。此外，副粘病毒已经进化出多种机制来破坏IFN信号通路。我们描述了三个一般机制，包括有针对性的蛋白质水解的信号传导因子，螯合细胞因子，和上调细胞抑制剂。DC是特殊的细胞，具有通过先天免疫信号和T细胞活化的偶联产生适应性免疫的能力。我们讨论了先天性反应的重要性，在DC副粘病毒感染后，其后果的能力，安装和维持抗病毒T细胞。
Paramyxoviruses represent a remarkably diverse family of enveloped nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses, some of which are the most ubiquitous disease-causing viruses of humans and animals. This review focuses on paramyxovirus activation of innate immune pathways, the mechanisms by which these RNA viruses counteract these pathways, and the innate response to paramyxovirus infection of dendritic cells (DC). Paramyxoviruses are potent activators of extracellular complement pathways, a first line of defense that viruses must face during natural infections. We discuss mechanisms by which these viruses activate and combat complement to delay neutralization. Once cells are infected, virus replication drives type I interferon (IFN) synthesis that has the potential to induce a large number of antiviral genes. Here we describe four approaches by which paramyxoviruses limit IFN induction: by limiting synthesis of IFN-inducing aberrant viral RNAs, through targeted inhibition of RNA sensors, by providing viral decoy substrates for cellular kinase complexes, and through direct blocking of the IFN promoter. In addition, paramyxoviruses have evolved diverse mechanisms to disrupt IFN signaling pathways. We describe three general mechanisms, including targeted proteolysis of signaling factors, sequestering cellular factors, and upregulation of cellular inhibitors. DC are exceptional cells with the capacity to generate adaptive immunity through the coupling of innate immune signals and T cell activation. We discuss the importance of innate responses in DC following paramyxovirus infection and their consequences for the ability to mount and maintain antiviral T cells.
登录
查看更多内容
T细胞共刺激和共抑制的分子机制。
DOI：
10.1038/nri3405
发表时间：
2013-04
期刊：
Nature reviews. Immunology
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Caignard, Gregory;Bourai, Mehdi;Vidalain, Pierre-Olivier
通讯作者：
Vidalain, Pierre-Olivier
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Capraro, Gerald A.;Johnson, John B.;Kock, Nancy D.;Parks, Griffith D.
通讯作者：
Parks, Griffith D.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Arimilli, Subhashini;Johnson, John B.;Parks, Griffith D.
通讯作者：
Parks, Griffith D.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Biacchesi, S;Skiadopoulos, MH;Buchholz, UJ
通讯作者：
Buchholz, UJ