Molecular mechanisms of T cell co-stimulation and co-inhibition.

Molecular mechanisms of T cell co-stimulation and co-inhibition.
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T细胞共刺激和共抑制的分子机制。

DOI:
10.1038/nri3405
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发表时间:
2013-04
期刊:
Nature reviews. Immunology
影响因子:
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其他
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共刺激和共抑制受体在T细胞生物学中具有关键作用,因为它们决定T细胞受体(TCR)信号传导的功能结果。T细胞共刺激的经典定义通过鉴定新的共刺激和共抑制受体、其下游信号传导事件的生物化学表征以及其免疫功能的描述而继续发展。值得注意的是,最近已经认识到,共刺激和共抑制受体在表达、结构和功能上显示出极大的多样性,并且它们的功能在很大程度上依赖于环境。在这里,我们专注于这些新兴的概念和审查的机制,通过T细胞的活化,分化和功能是由共刺激和共抑制受体控制。
Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors have a pivotal role in T cell biology, as they determine the functional outcome of T cell receptor (TCR) signalling. The classic definition of T cell co-stimulation continues to evolve through the identification of new co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors, the biochemical characterization of their downstream signalling events and the delineation of their immunological functions. Notably, it has been recently appreciated that co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors display great diversity in expression, structure and function, and that their functions are largely context dependent. Here, we focus on some of these emerging concepts and review the mechanisms through which T cell activation, differentiation and function is controlled by co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors.
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