Endogenous and Exogenous Opioids in Pain.

Endogenous and Exogenous Opioids in Pain.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-neuro-080317-061522
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发表时间:
2018-07-08
影响因子:
13.9
通讯作者:
Scherrer G
Scherrer G
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Corder G;Castro DC;Bruchas MR;Scherrer G

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Opioids are the most commonly used and effective analgesic treatments for severe pain, but they have recently come under scrutiny owing to epidemic levels of abuse and overdose. These compounds act on the endogenous opioid system, which comprises four G protein-coupled receptors (mu, delta, kappa, and nociceptin) and four major peptide families (β-endorphin, enkephalins, dynorphins, and nociceptin/orphanin FQ). In this review, we first describe the functional organization and pharmacology of the endogenous opioid system. We then summarize current knowledge on the signaling mechanisms by which opioids regulate neuronal function and neurotransmission. Finally, we discuss the loci of opioid analgesic action along peripheral and central pain pathways, emphasizing the pain-relieving properties of opioids against the affective dimension of the pain experience.
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