Green love talks; cell-cell communication during double fertilization in flowering plants.
Green love talks; cell-cell communication during double fertilization in flowering plants.
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DOI：
10.1093/aobpla/plr015
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Berger F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawashima T;Berger F
高分辨率实时成像技术在理解双受精方面取得了重大突破。这有助于解决一些有争议的问题，如优先受精和多精受精障碍。双受精作用分子组分的累积信息突出了雌雄配子体之间细胞间通讯的重要性。开花植物种子起源于一个独特的双受精事件，其中涉及两个精细胞和两个雌性配子，卵细胞和中央细胞。多年来，我们对被子植物受精机制的了解仍然很少。很明显，需要几个信号来解释雄配子如何在母体生殖组织内传递给两个雌配子，但它们的分子本质仍然未知。双受精过程成像的困难阻碍了精子传递模式的识别。人们认为这两种精子细胞在功能上并不等同。我们回顾了最近的研究，显着提高了我们的理解双受精的早期步骤。花粉管的引诱剂是由卵细胞周围的助细胞产生的小分子蛋白质。遗传学研究已经确定了雄配子从花粉管中释放所需的信号通路。高分辨率成像的两个雄配子的轨迹表明，它们的运输不涉及助细胞直接和同构的雄配子功能相同。我们还概述了主要悬而未决的问题，在该领域的障碍，对多精受精，配子识别和机制，防止种间杂交。
A major breakthrough in understanding double fertilization has been made by high resolution live-imaging. This has helped resolve several disputed issues such as preferential fertilization and polyspermy block. Cumulated information of molecular components involved in double fertilization highlights the importance of cell-cell communication between male and female gametophytes. Flowering plant seeds originate from a unique double-fertilization event, which involves two sperm cells and two female gametes, the egg cell and the central cell. For many years our knowledge of mechanisms involved in angiosperm fertilization remained minimal. It was obvious that several signals were required to explain how the male gametes are delivered inside the maternal reproductive tissues to the two female gametes but their molecular nature remained unknown. The difficulties in imaging the double-fertilization process prevented the identification of the mode of sperm cell delivery. It was believed that the two sperm cells were not functionally equivalent. We review recent studies that have significantly improved our understanding of the early steps of double fertilization. The attractants of the pollen tube have been identified as small proteins produced by the synergid cells that surround the egg cell. Genetic studies have identified the signalling pathways required for the release of male gametes from the pollen tube. High-resolution imaging of the trajectory of the two male gametes showed that their transport does not involve the synergid cells directly and that isomorphic male gametes are functionally equivalent. We also outline major outstanding issues in the field concerned with the barrier against polyspermy, gamete recognition and mechanisms that prevent interspecies crosses.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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