External and internal dose assessments of Fukushima residents after the 2011 nuclear disaster
External and internal dose assessments of Fukushima residents after the 2011 nuclear disaster
复制标题
2011 年核灾难后福岛居民的外部和内部剂量评估
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O. Kurihara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. Kurihara
2011年核灾难发生后，日本专家为评估福岛县居民的剂量做出了大量努力。事故发生后，居住在福岛第一核电站（FDNPP）附近的居民被命令迅速撤离，以尽量减少辐射暴露。许多论文进行个人剂量测量和估计这些居民已经出版。本文简要介绍了这些出版物，将评估分为早期（< 1年）和晚期（≥ 1年）研究，并汇编了2011年核灾难的经验教训。日本专家对研究的一个共同看法是，接触水平普遍较低。除了早期短寿命放射性核素（主要是131 I）的甲状腺内剂量外，核灾难引起的外部和内部剂量与自然辐射引起的剂量相当或更低。在后期阶段进行的一些个人剂量测量为了解生活在受影响地区的人们在日常生活中的照射情况提供了有用的信息。剂量评估的一个关键遗留问题是评价相关的不确定性，特别是早期阶段接受的甲状腺内剂量。因此，进一步的研究可以提高剂量估计的确定性。
Much effort has been made by Japanese experts to assess the dose to residents of Fukushima Prefecture in the aftermath of the 2011 nuclear disaster. Residents living near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) were ordered to evacuate promptly after the accident to minimize radiation exposure. Many papers performing individual dose measurement and estimation of these residents have already been published. This paper provides a brief overview of these publications by dividing the evaluation into the early-phase (< 1 year) and the late-phase (≥ 1 year) studies, and compiling the lessons learnt from the 2011 nuclear disaster. One common view of the studies by the Japanese experts is that the levels of exposure are generally low. Aside from the internal thyroid dose from short-lived radionuclides (mainly 131 I) at the early phase, both the external and internal doses attributable to the nuclear disaster are comparable or less than those from natural radiations. A number of individual dose measurements at the late phase have provided useful information for understanding exposure situations in everyday life for people living in the affected area. One key remaining issue for the dose assessment is to evaluate the related uncertainty, in particular for the internal thyroid dose received at the early phase. Thus, there is a role for further studies to improve the certainty of dose estimations.
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Cardis, E;Kesminiene, A;Williams, D
通讯作者：
Williams, D