Real-time linear prediction of simultaneous and independent movements of two finger groups using an intracortical brain-machine interface.
Real-time linear prediction of simultaneous and independent movements of two finger groups using an intracortical brain-machine interface.
复制标题
使用皮质内脑机接口实时线性预测两个手指组的同时和独立运动。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2021.08.009
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发表时间：
2021-10-06
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Chestek CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nason SR;Mender MJ;Vaskov AK;Willsey MS;Ganesh Kumar N;Kung TA;Patil PG;Chestek CA
现代脑机接口（BMI）可以使瘫痪的人恢复功能，但目前的上肢BMI无法再现对个性化手指运动的控制。在这里，我们第一次在非人类灵长类动物中提出了一种实时，高速，线性的BMI，利用皮质内神经信号来弥合这一差距。我们创建了一个非随机任务，系统地个性化两个手指组，食指和中指-无名指-小指组合。在在线脑控制过程中，ReFIT卡尔曼滤波器可以高性能地预测个体化指群运动。接下来，用单个运动训练岭回归解码器足以预测未经训练的组合运动，反之亦然。最后，我们比较了手指相关皮层活动的姿势和运动调谐，发现单个皮层单元同时编码多个行为维度。我们的研究结果表明，线性解码器可能足以让BMI执行高维任务，并具有自然神经假体所需的性能水平。Nason等人提出了一种实时脑机接口，用于控制非人类灵长类动物两组手指的同时和独立运动。这些技术可以用来恢复瘫痪的手的自然控制，并使运动皮层如何代表灵巧的手指行为的更深入的理解。
Modern brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) can return function to people with paralysis, but current upper extremity BMIs are unable to reproduce control of individuated finger movements. Here, for the first time, we present a real-time, high-speed, linear BMI in nonhuman primates that utilizes intracortical neural signals to bridge this gap. We created a non-prehensile task that systematically individuates two finger groups, the index finger and the middle-ring-small fingers combined. During online brain control, the ReFIT Kalman filter could predict individuated finger group movements with high performance. Next, training ridge regression decoders with individual movements was sufficient to predict untrained combined movements, and vice versa. Finally, we compared the postural and movement tuning of finger-related cortical activity to find that individual cortical units simultaneously encode multiple behavioral dimensions. Our results suggest that linear decoders may be sufficient for BMIs to execute high-dimensional tasks with the performance levels required for naturalistic neural prostheses. Nason et al. present a real-time brain-machine interface for controlling the simultaneous and independent movements of two groups of fingers in nonhuman primates. These techniques can be used to restore naturalistic control of paralyzed hands and enable a deeper understanding of how motor cortex represents dexterous finger behaviors.
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