A high-performance neural prosthesis enabled by control algorithm design.

A high-performance neural prosthesis enabled by control algorithm design.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.3265
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发表时间:
2012-12
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Shenoy, Krishna V.
Shenoy, Krishna V.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gilja, Vikash;Nuyujukian, Paul;Chestek, Cindy A.;Cunningham, John P.;Yu, Byron M.;Fan, Joline M.;Churchland, Mark M.;Kaufman, Matthew T.;Kao, Jonathan C.;Ryu, Stephen I.;Shenoy, Krishna V.

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神经假体将大脑中的神经活动转化为控制信号,用于指导假肢设备,如计算机光标和机械臂,从而为残疾患者提供与世界更大的互动。然而,相对较低的性能仍然是成功临床翻译的关键障碍;目前的神经假体速度相当慢,控制精度低于天然手臂。在这里,我们提出了一种新的控制算法,即重新校准的反馈意图训练卡尔曼滤波(REFIT-KF),它结合了关于闭环系统神经假肢控制性质的假设。当用植入运动皮质电极阵列的恒河猴进行测试时,Refit-KF算法在所有测量领域都优于现有的神经假体,并将获取时间减半。这种控制算法允许持续不间断地使用数小时,并适用于更具挑战性的任务,而无需重新培训。使用这个算法,我们展示了在两只猴子植入后数年内可重复的高性能,从而提高了神经假体的临床生存能力。
Neural prostheses translate neural activity from the brain into control signals for guiding prosthetic devices, such as computer cursors and robotic limbs, and thus offer disabled patients greater interaction with the world. However, relatively low performance remains a critical barrier to successful clinical translation; current neural prostheses are considerably slower with less accurate control than the native arm. Here we present a new control algorithm, the recalibrated feedback intention-trained Kalman filter (ReFIT-KF), that incorporates assumptions about the nature of closed loop neural prosthetic control. When tested with rhesus monkeys implanted with motor cortical electrode arrays, the ReFIT-KF algorithm outperforms existing neural prostheses in all measured domains and halves acquisition time. This control algorithm permits sustained uninterrupted use for hours and generalizes to more challenging tasks without retraining. Using this algorithm, we demonstrate repeatable high performance for years after implantation across two monkeys, thereby increasing the clinical viability of neural prostheses.
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影响因子: 4
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