Practitioner review: Children in foster care--vulnerabilities and evidence-based interventions that promote resilience processes.
Practitioner review: Children in foster care--vulnerabilities and evidence-based interventions that promote resilience processes.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02594.x
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发表时间：
2012-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vostanis P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leve LD;Harold GT;Chamberlain P;Landsverk JA;Fisher PA;Vostanis P
越来越多的儿童被安置在寄养家庭g（即，非亲生父母以外的亲属或非亲属家庭住所），原因是遭受身体、性、情感或心理虐待和/或忽视。寄养家庭的儿童在情感、行为、神经生物学和社会领域出现一系列负面结果的风险增加。寄养儿童之间的风险和脆弱性领域进行了描述，包括情感和行为缺陷，受损的神经生物学发展，和社会关系的赤字。证据表明，家庭安置的变化和产前暴露的物质作为贡献机制的意义。基于对PsycINFO数据库的系统检索（至2012年3月），总结了针对寄养家庭的八种有效循证干预措施。虽然改善寄养儿童结果的循证干预措施的制定落后于其他服务部门（例如，心理健康和教育部门），儿童和青少年时期的一些干预措施提供了希望。服务系统的限制为更常规地实施循证干预措施带来了挑战和机遇。鉴于寄养儿童的不良后果的可能性增加，需要加大努力，了解脆弱性的途径，并实施干预措施，这些措施在补救风险和改善这一人群的结果方面显示出有效性。还需要评估美国以外国家的有效干预措施。
An increasing number of children are placed in foster care g(i.e., a kin or nonkin family home other than the biological parent) due to experiences of physical, sexual, emotional, or psychological abuse, and/or neglect. Children in foster care are at increased risk for a host of negative outcomes encompassing emotional, behavioral, neurobiological, and social realms. Areas of risk and vulnerability among foster children are described, including emotional and behavioral deficits, impaired neurobiological development, and social relationship deficits. Evidence suggesting the significance of family placement changes and prenatal exposure to substances as contributing mechanisms is presented. Based on a systematic search of the PsycINFO database (to March 2012), eight efficacious evidence-based interventions for foster families are summarized. Although the development of evidence-based interventions that improve outcomes for foster children has lagged behind the delivery of interventions in other service sectors (e.g., mental health and educational sectors), several interventions across childhood and adolescence offer promise. Service system constraints offer both challenges and opportunities for more routine implementation of evidence-based interventions. Given the increased likelihood of poor outcomes for foster children, increased efforts to understand the pathways to vulnerability and to implement interventions shown to be effective in remediating risks and improving outcomes for this population are indicated. Evaluation of efficacious interventions in countries outside of the USA is also needed.
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