Titrating the Smell of Fear: Initial Evidence for Dose-Invariant Behavioral, Physiological, and Neural Responses.

Titrating the Smell of Fear: Initial Evidence for Dose-Invariant Behavioral, Physiological, and Neural Responses.
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DOI:
10.1177/0956797620970548
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发表时间:
2021-04
影响因子:
8.2
通讯作者:
Gottfried JA
Gottfried JA
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
de Groot JHB;Kirk PA;Gottfried JA

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人们普遍认为,情绪强度与刺激强度成正比。在这里,我们使用生理和神经成像技术来询问人体气味--可以传达显著的社会信息--是否也会对行为、生理和神经反应产生剂量依赖性的影响。为了测试这一点,我们首先收集了36名男性的汗液,这些男性被归类为低、中、高恐惧反应者。接下来,在一项双盲的受试者内部功能磁共振设计中,31名女性被暴露在与恐惧相关的三种剂量的人类化学信号和中性汗水中,同时观看恐惧和厌恶表情之间的不同面部形态。在行为上,我们发现所有剂量的恐惧-汗液挥发物都会使参与者偏向于以模棱两可的形式感知恐惧,这种剂量不变的效应通常在生理和神经测量中重复出现。贝叶斯剂量-反应分析表明,对无效假说(左侧杏仁核除外)有适度的证据,初步表明人类嗅觉系统参与了一种要么全有要么全不的机制,将恐惧标记在最低阈值之上。
It is well accepted that emotional intensity scales with stimulus strength. Here, we used physiological and neuroimaging techniques to ask whether human body odor—which can convey salient social information—also induces dose-dependent effects on behavior, physiology, and neural responses. To test this, we first collected sweat from 36 males classified as low-, medium-, and high-fear responders. Next, in a double-blind within-subjects functional-MRI design, 31 women were exposed to three doses of fear-associated human chemosignals and neutral sweat while viewing face morphs varying between expressions of fear and disgust. Behaviorally, we found that all doses of fear-sweat volatiles biased participants toward perceiving fear in ambiguous morphs, a dose-invariant effect generally repeated across physiological and neural measures. Bayesian dose-response analysis indicated moderate evidence for the null hypothesis (except for the left amygdala), tentatively suggesting that the human olfactory system engages an all-or-none mechanism for tagging fear above a minimal threshold.
DOI: 10.3389/fneng.2011.00021
发表时间: 2011-11-16
期刊: Frontiers in neuroengineering
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