High trait anxiety blocks olfactory plasticity induced by aversive learning.
High trait anxiety blocks olfactory plasticity induced by aversive learning.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108324
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
McGann, John P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosenthal, Michelle C.;Bacallao, Michael A.;Garcia, Adam T.;McGann, John P.
关键词：
厌恶性学习通常会引起感觉功能的改变，因为大脑的感觉系统被调整以优化对威胁预测刺激的检测和辨别。焦虑症可以破坏威胁预测和中性刺激之间的行为区分，导致对非威胁情况的负面情感反应过度概括。因此，我们假设焦虑可能会破坏学习诱导的感觉辨别能力的改善。我们测试了知觉歧视相似的气味之前和之后的歧视厌恶条件反射。表现出正常水平的特质焦虑的参与者开发了一个更大的皮肤电导反应（SCR）的冲击预测气味和显着改善他们的知觉辨别两种气味之间。重复暴露于气味中而没有电击，部分消除了SCR，但感知效果持续存在。相比之下，高水平特质焦虑的参与者对两种气味都产生了较小的SCR，并且没有表现出知觉上的改善。因此，学习诱导的知觉可塑性在高水平特质焦虑的人中可能会受损。
Aversive learning normally induces alterations in sensory function as the brain’s sensory systems are tuned to optimize detection and discrimination of threat-predictive stimuli. Anxiety disorders can disrupt behavioral discrimination between threat-predictive and neutral stimuli, resulting in overgeneralization of negative affective responses to non-threatening situations. We thus hypothesized that anxiety could disrupt learning-induced improvement in sensory discrimination. We tested perceptual discrimination between similar odorants before and after discriminative aversive conditioning. Participants exhibiting normal levels of trait anxiety developed a larger skin conductance response (SCR) to the shock-predictive odorant and substantial improvement in their perceptual discrimination between the two odors. Repeated exposure to the odors without shock partially extinguished the SCRs but the perceptual effect persisted. By contrast, participants with high levels of trait anxiety developed comparably sized SCRs to both odors and displayed no perceptual improvement. Learning-induced perceptual plasticity can thus be impaired in people with high levels of trait anxiety.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Fast, Cynthia D.;McGann, John P.
通讯作者：
McGann, John P.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0404965101
发表时间：
2004-09-07
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gallistel, CR;Fairhurst, S;Balsam, P
通讯作者：
Balsam, P
影响因子：
3
作者：
Giustino TF;Maren S
通讯作者：
Maren S
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Arshamian, Artin;Iannilli, Emilia;Larsson, Maria
通讯作者：
Larsson, Maria
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Kass, Marley D.;McGann, John P.
通讯作者：
McGann, John P.