Signatures of rapid evolution in urban and rural transcriptomes of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) in the New York metropolitan area.

Signatures of rapid evolution in urban and rural transcriptomes of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) in the New York metropolitan area.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0074938
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
O'Neill R
O'Neill R
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harris SE;Munshi-South J;Obergfell C;O'Neill R

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城市化是世界各地生态退化的主要原因,大城市的人类住区正在加速。纽约市(NYC)是北美最古老和最城市化的城市之一,但仍然保持着20%的植被覆盖率和一些本土野生动物的大量种群。白足鼠 Peromyscus leucopus是纽约森林碎片的常见居民,也是研究城市化演变后果的新兴模型系统。在这项研究中,我们开发了城市转录组资源, p. leucopus研究蛋白质编码区的进化变化,以作为"城市适应者"的典范。我们使用Roche 454 GS FLX+高通量测序从城市和农村人群的多个组织中获得转录组。从这些数据中,我们确定了31,015个SNP和几个候选基因,这些基因可能在城市人群中经历正选择。 p. leucopus这些候选基因参与了异生物质代谢、先天免疫反应、去甲基化活性以及新城市环境中的其他重要生物学现象。这项研究是第一个报告候选基因在不同的城市生态系统中表现出定向选择的签名之一。
Urbanization is a major cause of ecological degradation around the world, and human settlement in large cities is accelerating. New York City (NYC) is one of the oldest and most urbanized cities in North America, but still maintains 20% vegetation cover and substantial populations of some native wildlife. The white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus , is a common resident of NYC’s forest fragments and an emerging model system for examining the evolutionary consequences of urbanization. In this study, we developed transcriptomic resources for urban P . leucopus to examine evolutionary changes in protein-coding regions for an exemplar “urban adapter.” We used Roche 454 GS FLX+ high throughput sequencing to derive transcriptomes from multiple tissues from individuals across both urban and rural populations. From these data, we identified 31,015 SNPs and several candidate genes potentially experiencing positive selection in urban populations of P . leucopus . These candidate genes are involved in xenobiotic metabolism, innate immune response, demethylation activity, and other important biological phenomena in novel urban environments. This study is one of the first to report candidate genes exhibiting signatures of directional selection in divergent urban ecosystems.
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