Community health worker interventions to promote psychosocial outcomes among people living with HIV-A systematic review.

Community health worker interventions to promote psychosocial outcomes among people living with HIV-A systematic review.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0194928
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Farley JE
Farley JE
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Han HR;Kim K;Murphy J;Cudjoe J;Wilson P;Sharps P;Farley JE

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社区卫生工作者 (CHW) 干预措施是促进艾滋病毒阴性者和艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 健康的成功策略。心理社会因素是艾滋病毒/艾滋病护理中影响疾病预后的关键因素,但目前尚不清楚社区卫生工作者的干预措施如何改善感染者的心理社会结果。本研究的目的是批判性地评估旨在解决 PLWH 心理社会结果的 CHW 干预措施的类型、范围和性质。我们进行了数据库检索(PubMed、EMBASE、CINAHL 和 Cochrane),以识别 2017 年 4 月之前以英文发表的随机对照试验。有 14 篇文章符合资格标准。一半的研究是在美国进行的。社会认知理论在九项理论指导的研究中被多次使用。 CHW 干预措施主要集中于减少抑郁症 (n = 6) 或与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感 (n = 4),或提高生活质量 (n = 4)、社会支持 (n = 4) 和自我效能 (n = 4)。采用教学方法和角色扮演来培训社区卫生工作者。社区卫生工作者在提供干预方面发挥着多种作用,包括辅导员和支持者 (n = 10)、教育者 (n = 5) 或导航员 (n = 3)。 CHW 干预保真度在 4 项研究中进行了评估。五项研究发现六种社会心理结果出现积极变化,包括生活质量(四项中的两项)和自我效能(四项中的两项)。在 4 项研究中有 2 项中,社区卫生工作者的干预措施对社会支持没有影响,在 4 项研究中的 3 项中,社区卫生干预对耻辱没有影响。社区卫生工作者的干预措施均未能成功减少感染者的抑郁症状。部分证据支持使用社区卫生工作者来促进感染者的心理社会结果。未来社区卫生工作者的干预范围应扩大,以解决艾滋病毒/艾滋病结果的关键社会心理决定因素,例如健康素养。此外,保真度措施应纳入干预实施中。
Community health worker (CHW) interventions are a successful strategy to promote health among HIV-negative and persons living with HIV (PLWH). Psychosocial factors are critical dimensions of HIV/AIDS care contributing to prognosis of the disease, yet it is unclear how CHW interventions improve psychosocial outcomes in PLWH. The purpose of this study was to critically appraise the types, scope, and nature of CHW interventions designed to address psychosocial outcomes in PLWH. We performed database searches—PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane—to identify randomized controlled trials published in English before April 2017. Fourteen articles met the eligibility criteria. Half of the studies were conducted in the United States. Social cognitive theory was used more than once in nine theory-guided studies. CHW interventions were largely focused on reducing depression (n = 6) or stigma related to HIV (n = 4), or promoting quality of life (n = 4), social support (n = 4), and self-efficacy (n = 4). Didactic methods and role-playing were used to train CHWs. CHWs played multiple roles in delivering intervention, including a counselor and a supporter (n = 10), educator (n = 5), or a navigator (n = 3). CHW intervention fidelity was assessed in 4 studies. Five studies found positive changes in six psychosocial outcomes including quality of life (2 of 4) and self-efficacy (2 of 4). CHW interventions had no effect on social support in 2 of 4 studies, and stigma in 3 of 4 studies. None of the CHW interventions were successful in reducing depressive symptoms among PLWH. Evidence partially supported the use of CHWs in promoting psychosocial outcomes in PLWH. Future CHW intervention should be expanded in scope to address key psychosocial determinants of HIV/AIDS outcomes such as health literacy. Further, fidelity measures should be incorporated into intervention delivery.
DOI: 10.1080/09540120903214389
发表时间: 2010-09
期刊: AIDS care
影响因子: 1.7
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发表时间: 2001-01-01
影响因子: 3.3
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发表时间: 2012-03-01
影响因子: 1.1
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