Neural correlates of gender differences in distractibility by sexual stimuli
Neural correlates of gender differences in distractibility by sexual stimuli
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性刺激分散注意力的性别差异的神经相关性
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.04.072
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Klucken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strahler;Wehrum-Osinsky;Klucken
注意干扰控制是人类认知的一个突出特征。性刺激在多大程度上吸引注意力和干扰认知任务仍然很少被研究。我们的研究旨在确定注意干扰、性唤起、特质性动机和对性干扰物的神经活动之间的联系，同时考虑性别差异。因此，本研究利用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究了性干扰引起的注意干扰的神经关联。50名女性和47名男性接受了功能磁共振成像（fMRI），同时在一张明确的性图片（与中性图片相比）旁边指示两条线（相等或不相等）的方向。结果证实，当显示性图像时，反应时间会延长。性别之间没有差异，性唤起等级或特质性动机对注意力分散的影响也没有差异。在与动机和奖励处理有关的大脑区域发现了与性图像有关的神经活动。与女性相比，男性在尾状核、前扣带皮层和伏隔核中表现出更强的反应。性状性动机与尾状核活动选择性相关。综上所述，这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即即使不在焦点上，性图像也会激活大脑的奖励回路。男性对性暗示的回报价值更敏感，这可能是他们更容易上瘾/强迫性性行为的关键原因。
Attentional interference control is a prominent feature of human cognition. To what extent sexual stimuli attract attention and interfere with cognitive tasks has still little been studied. Our study aimed to identify associations between attentional interference, sexual arousal, trait sexual motivation, and neural activity to sexual distractors while accounting for gender differences. Therefore, the present study examined the neural correlates of attentional interference by arousing sexual distractors using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Fifty women and 47 men underwent fMRI while indicating the orientation of two lines (equal or unequal) next to an explicit sexual (as compared to a neutral) picture. Results confirmed prolonged response times when a sexual image was shown. There was neither a difference between genders nor an effect of sexual arousal ratings or trait sexual motivation on distractibility. Neural activity specific to sexual images was found in brain regions implicated in motivation and reward processing. Men as compared to women showed stronger responses in the nucleus caudatus, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the nucleus accumbens. Trait sexual motivation was selectively correlated with nucleus caudatus activity. Taken together, findings support the notion that even when not in the focus, sexual images activate the brains' reward circuitry. Men's higher sensitivity to the rewarding value of sexual cues may be critical for their higher risk of addictive/compulsive sexual behaviors.
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