Molecular mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor signaling in physiology and pathology.

Molecular mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor signaling in physiology and pathology.
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DOI:
10.1101/cshperspect.a015958
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发表时间:
2013-06-01
影响因子:
7.2
通讯作者:
Mohammadi M
Mohammadi M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Belov AA;Mohammadi M

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成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)以旁分泌或内分泌方式发出信号以介导无数生物活性,范围从发出发育线索、维持组织稳态和调节代谢过程。FGF通过硫酸乙酰肝素(HS)辅因子或Klotho辅受体辅助的方式结合和二聚化FGF受体(FGFRs)来发挥其多种功能。在过去的十年中积累的丰富的结构和生物物理数据已经改变了我们对FGF信号传导在人类健康和发育中的机制的理解,并提供了受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)信号传导的新概念。其中的贡献是阐明HS辅助受体二聚化,描绘配体-受体特异性,酪氨酸激酶调节,受体顺式自抑制和酪氨酸反式自磷酸化的分子决定因素。这些结构研究还揭示了疾病相关突变如何劫持FGFR调节的生理机制,从而导致人类疾病。在本文中,我们将讨论FGF信号传导的结构和生物衍生机制,以及所获得的见解如何指导治疗多种人类疾病的疗法的开发。
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) signal in a paracrine or endocrine fashion to mediate a myriad of biological activities, ranging from issuing developmental cues, maintaining tissue homeostasis, and regulating metabolic processes. FGFs carry out their diverse functions by binding and dimerizing FGF receptors (FGFRs) in a heparan sulfate (HS) cofactor- or Klotho coreceptor-assisted manner. The accumulated wealth of structural and biophysical data in the past decade has transformed our understanding of the mechanism of FGF signaling in human health and development, and has provided novel concepts in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling. Among these contributions are the elucidation of HS-assisted receptor dimerization, delineation of the molecular determinants of ligand–receptor specificity, tyrosine kinase regulation, receptor cis-autoinhibition, and tyrosine trans-autophosphorylation. These structural studies have also revealed how disease-associated mutations highjack the physiological mechanisms of FGFR regulation to contribute to human diseases. In this paper, we will discuss the structurally and biophysically derived mechanisms of FGF signaling, and how the insights gained may guide the development of therapies for treatment of a diverse array of human diseases.
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