Cognitive Impairment in Older Incarcerated Males: Education and Race Considerations.
Cognitive Impairment in Older Incarcerated Males: Education and Race Considerations.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jagp.2021.05.014
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发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barry LC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perez A;Manning KJ;Powell W;Barry LC
评估认知障碍（整体认知和执行功能）在老年男性监禁的整体，并根据教育和种族。样本包括239名种族多样的（37.7%白色，41.4%黑人，20.9%西班牙裔/其他）年龄≥50岁的监禁男性（平均年龄= 56.4±6.1;范围50-79岁）。使用蒙特利尔认知评估（莫卡）-标准莫卡评分（1分调整≤12年教育，评分<26表示认知损害）与教育和种族特定临界点评估总体认知损害。连线测验（TMT）评估执行功能。使用卡方检验、单因素方差分析和Tukey's HSD事后分析评估种族与认知障碍之间的关系。卡方也被用来评估种族和缺失莫卡项目的频率之间的关系。平均莫卡评分为24.12±3.38。总体而言，分别有62.8%和38.5%的参与者符合标准评分和教育和种族特定分界点的认知障碍标准。这种差异主要归因于在应用教育和种族特定的分界点后，符合认知障碍标准的黑人比例的变化（62.6%对19.2%）。在应用人口统计学调整的标准后，受损的白色囚犯较少（51.1%对36.7%）;然而，西班牙裔/其他人的比例基本保持不变（84%对80%）。相当比例的参与者在TMT-A（18.2%白人，7.1%黑人）和TMT-B（20.5%白人，4.1%黑人）上轻度受损。在缺失的莫卡项目中观察到种族差异。认知障碍在老年被监禁者中很常见，尽管适用教育和种族特定的规范。显著的种族差异突出了对这一多样化人群进行有效评估的必要性。
Assess cognitive impairment (global cognition and executive functioning) in older incarcerated males overall, and according to education and race. Cross-sectional The sample included 239 racially diverse (37.7% White, 41.4% Black, 20.9% Hispanic/Other) incarcerated males age ≥50 (mean age = 56.4±6.1; range 50–79 years). Global cognitive impairment assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) – standard MoCA scoring (1-point adjustment for ≤12 years education, and score <26 indicating cognitive impairment) versus education- and race-specific cutpoints. Trail Making Test (TMT) assessed executive functioning. The relationship between race and cognitive impairment was evaluated using Chi-Square, One-Way ANOVA, and Tukey’s HSD post-hoc analyses. Chi-Square was also used to evaluate the relationship between race and frequency of missed MoCA items. Average MoCA score was 24.12±3.38. Overall, 62.8% and 38.5% of participants met criteria for cognitive impairment using standard scoring and education- and race-specific cutpoints, respectively. This difference was largely attributed to the change in proportion of Blacks who met criteria for cognitive impairment after applying education- and race-specific cutpoints (62.6% versus 19.2%). Fewer White inmates were impaired (51.1% versus 36.7%) after applying demographically-adjusted norms; however, the proportion of Hispanics/Others remained largely unchanged (84% versus 80%). A considerable proportion of participants were mildly impaired on TMT-A (18.2% Whites, 7.1% Blacks) and TMT-B (20.5% Whites, 4.1% Blacks). Race differences were observed in missed MoCA items. Cognitive impairment is common in older incarcerated persons, despite applying education- and race-specific norms. Notable race differences highlight need for validated assessments for this diverse population.
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DOI：
10.1080/13803395.2011.559157
发表时间：
2011-08
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Norman MA;Moore DJ;Taylor M;Franklin D Jr;Cysique L;Ake C;Lazarretto D;Vaida F;Heaton RK;HNRC Group
通讯作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/gln008
发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
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