Strain field analysis on Montserrat (W.I.) as tool for assessing permeable flow paths in the magmatic system of Soufrière Hills Volcano

Strain field analysis on Montserrat (W.I.) as tool for assessing permeable flow paths in the magmatic system of Soufrière Hills Volcano
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蒙特塞拉特(威斯康星州)应变场分析作为评估苏弗里耶尔火山岩浆系统渗透性流动路径的工具

DOI:
10.1002/2013gc005087
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hautmann S
Hautmann S
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Hautmann S

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在蒙特塞拉特火山岛(西印度群岛)上使用应变仪已经有十多年的历史了,并且已经证明应变仪是一种强大的技术,可以在变形场中接近短期动态,以响应安山质圆顶建筑苏弗里耶尔山火山(SHV)岩浆系统的压力变化。我们在这里证明,在SHV岩浆系统(浅岩墙管道,上部和下部岩浆房)的每个不同的部分的岩浆活动产生一个特征应变模式,允许识别工作源的管道系统的基础上一个简单的计划的振幅比。我们使用这种方法来评估应变数据,从选定的火山爆发和气体排放事件发生在SHV之间的2003年和2012年。我们的研究结果表明,这些事件是由一个或两个岩浆房的短期收缩阶段和浅源系统的同时膨胀引发的。事件的初始阶段通常只持续几十到几百秒,然后爆炸/气体排放开始,系统恢复。这一过程持续时间短,表明流体的快速运输,而不是岩浆上升产生压力变化。我们建议的拉伸水力裂缝的传播作为可行的机制,以提供一个在所观察到的时间尺度的岩浆系统中的流体迁移的途径。流体活动是由岩浆房中已经分离的大袋流体突然不稳定引起的。我们的研究表明,大地测量观测可以提供前所未有的洞察复杂的动态过程中的岩浆系统通常由理论建模和岩石学观测评估。
Strain dilatometers have been operated on the volcanic island of Montserrat (West Indies) for more than a decade and have proven to be a powerful technique to approach short‐term dynamics in the deformational field in response to pressure changes in the magmatic system of the andesitic dome‐building Soufrière Hills Volcano (SHV). We here demonstrate that magmatic activity in each of the different segments of the SHV magmatic system (shallow dyke‐conduit, upper and lower magma chambers) generates a characteristic strain pattern that allows the identification of operating sources in the plumbing system based on a simple scheme of amplitude ratios. We use this method to evaluate strain data from selected Vulcanian explosions and gas emission events that occurred at SHV between 2003 and 2012. Our results show that the events were initiated by a short phase of contraction of either one or both magma chambers and a simultaneous inflation of the shallow feeder system. The initial phase of the events usually lasted only tens to hundreds of seconds before the explosion/gas emission started and the system recovered. The short duration of this process points at rapid transport of fluids rather than magma ascent to generate the pressure changes. We suggest the propagation of tensile hydraulic fractures as viable mechanism to provide a pathway for fluid migration in the magmatic system at the observed time scale. Fluid mobilization was initiated by a sudden destabilization of large pockets of already segregated fluid in the magma chambers. Our study demonstrates that geodetic observables can provide unprecedented insights into complex dynamic processes within a magmatic system commonly assessed by theoretical modeling and petrologic observations.
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