Evaluating caveolin interactions: do proteins interact with the caveolin scaffolding domain through a widespread aromatic residue-rich motif?

Evaluating caveolin interactions: do proteins interact with the caveolin scaffolding domain through a widespread aromatic residue-rich motif?
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0044879
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Rigden DJ
Rigden DJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Byrne DP;Dart C;Rigden DJ

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小窝蛋白是小窝的外壳蛋白,小窝是大多数细胞质膜的小瓶状凹坑。除了在小窝形成中的作用外,小窝蛋白还招募、保留和调节许多小窝相关的信号分子。小窝蛋白-蛋白质的相互作用通常被认为发生在小窝蛋白内的∼20氨基酸区域、小窝蛋白支架结构域(Csd)和结合伙伴(фXфXXXXф,фXXXXфXXф或фXфXXXXфXXф,其中ф是芳香的,X是未指明的氨基酸)上的富含芳香族的小窝蛋白结合基序(CBM)之间。CBM类似于一个典型的线性基序--一个简短、简单的序列,在不同的蛋白质中为特定的功能独立进化了多次。在这里,我们利用生物信息学工具和我们对线性基序的理解的最新改进来批判性地检查CBM在小窝相互作用中的作用。我们发现,符合CBM的序列存在于30%的人类蛋白质中,但没有证据表明它们在小窝相互作用组中具有统计上的富集性。此外,基于序列和结构的考虑表明,CBM并不具有与真正的相互作用基序相关的特征。对可能的CBM的相对溶剂可及区域的分析表明,它们的大多数芳香族残基埋在蛋白质中,因此不太可能与小窝蛋白直接相互作用,但可能对蛋白质结构稳定性很重要。综上所述,这些发现表明,典型的煤层气可能不是洞穴-靶相互作用的共同特征,洞穴与靶之间的界面在结构上可能比目前认识的更多样化。
Caveolins are coat proteins of caveolae, small flask-shaped pits of the plasma membranes of most cells. Aside from roles in caveolae formation, caveolins recruit, retain and regulate many caveolae-associated signalling molecules. Caveolin-protein interactions are commonly considered to occur between a ∼20 amino acid region within caveolin, the caveolin scaffolding domain (CSD), and an aromatic-rich caveolin binding motif (CBM) on the binding partner (фXфXXXXф, фXXXXфXXф or фXфXXXXфXXф, where ф is an aromatic and X an unspecified amino acid). The CBM resembles a typical linear motif - a short, simple sequence independently evolved many times in different proteins for a specific function. Here we exploit recent improvements in bioinformatics tools and in our understanding of linear motifs to critically examine the role of CBMs in caveolin interactions. We find that sequences conforming to the CBM occur in 30% of human proteins, but find no evidence for their statistical enrichment in the caveolin interactome. Furthermore, sequence- and structure-based considerations suggest that CBMs do not have characteristics commonly associated with true interaction motifs. Analysis of the relative solvent accessible area of putative CBMs shows that the majority of their aromatic residues are buried within the protein and are thus unlikely to interact directly with caveolin, but may instead be important for protein structural stability. Together, these findings suggest that the canonical CBM may not be a common characteristic of caveolin-target interactions and that interfaces between caveolin and targets may be more structurally diverse than presently appreciated.
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