Brain injury accelerates the onset of a reversible age-related microglial phenotype associated with inflammatory neurodegeneration.

Brain injury accelerates the onset of a reversible age-related microglial phenotype associated with inflammatory neurodegeneration.
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脑损伤加速了与炎症性神经退行性相关的可逆年龄相关的小胶质细胞表型的发作。

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.add1101
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发表时间:
2023-03-10
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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脂褐素是一种由脂质和错误折叠蛋白质形成的自发荧光 (AF) 色素,随着年龄的增长,它会在有丝分裂后细胞中积累。在这里,我们对老年 C57BL/6 小鼠(> 18 个月大)大脑中的小胶质细胞进行了免疫表型分析,并证明与年轻小鼠相比,三分之一的老年小胶质细胞患有 AF,其特征是脂质和铁含量、吞噬活性和氧化应激发生深刻变化。对年老小鼠小胶质细胞进行药理学耗竭,可以消除重新增殖后的 AF 小胶质细胞,并逆转小胶质细胞功能障碍。在缺乏 AF 小胶质细胞的老年小鼠中,与年龄相关的神经功能缺损和创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 后的神经变性减弱。此外,小胶质细胞吞噬活性、溶酶体负荷和脂质积累的增加在 TBI 后持续长达 1 年,并受到 APOE4 基因型的修饰,并由吞噬细胞介导的氧化应激长期驱动。因此,AF可能反映了与神经元和髓磷脂吞噬作用增加以及炎症性神经变性相关的衰老小胶质细胞的病理状态,而TBI可进一步加速炎症性神经变性。创伤性脑损伤引起的氧化应激加速了老年小胶质细胞表型的发生。
Lipofuscin is an autofluorescent (AF) pigment formed by lipids and misfolded proteins, which accumulates in postmitotic cells with advanced age. Here, we immunophenotyped microglia in the brain of old C57BL/6 mice (>18 months old) and demonstrate that in comparison to young mice, one-third of old microglia are AF, characterized by profound changes in lipid and iron content, phagocytic activity, and oxidative stress. Pharmacological depletion of microglia in old mice eliminated the AF microglia following repopulation and reversed microglial dysfunction. Age-related neurological deficits and neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were attenuated in old mice lacking AF microglia. Furthermore, increased phagocytic activity, lysosomal burden, and lipid accumulation in microglia persisted for up to 1 year after TBI, were modified by APOE4 genotype, and chronically driven by phagocyte-mediated oxidative stress. Thus, AF may reflect a pathological state in aging microglia associated with increased phagocytosis of neurons and myelin and inflammatory neurodegeneration that can be further accelerated by TBI. Traumatic brain injury-induced oxidative stress accelerates onset of a microglial phenotype seen in old age.
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