Kilometer‐Scale Simulations of Trade‐Wind Cumulus Capture Processes of Mesoscale Organization
Kilometer‐Scale Simulations of Trade‐Wind Cumulus Capture Processes of Mesoscale Organization
复制标题
中尺度组织信风积云捕获过程的公里级模拟
DOI：
10.1029/2022ms003295
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
J. Marsham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Saffin;A. Lock;L. Tomassini;A. Blyth;S. Böing;L. Denby;J. Marsham
EUREC4A（阐明云-环流耦合在气候中的作用）和 ATOMIC（大西洋信风海洋-大气中尺度相互作用运动）联合实地活动收集了观测数据，以更好地了解信风积云、其组织和更大尺度之间的联系，这是气候预测中不确定性的一大来源。最近的一项大涡模拟研究表明，在这次现场活动中发生的云转变，其中小的浅云发展成具有滞留层的较大云，这是由中尺度垂直速度的动态反馈产生的中尺度组织的增加引起的。我们表明，尽管分辨率低得多，但使用英国气象局统一模型进行的公里级模拟再现了中尺度组织及其生成过程的这种增加。发展的时机与大规模的融合有关。为了减少初始组织，具有较短旋转时间的敏感性测试仍然具有相同的发展时间，并且抑制冷池的敏感性测试显示对介观组织仅产生很小的影响。中尺度组织和云对分辨率很敏感，高分辨率的模拟会产生较弱的组织和较少的云，从而影响净辐射的变化。云与观测结果也有很大差异。因此，虽然千米尺度的模拟有助于理解中尺度组织的过程以及与大尺度的联系，包括对气候变化的响应，但模拟仍然会受到辐射预算中的重大错误和不确定性的影响。
The EUREC4A (Elucidating the role of clouds–circulation coupling in climate) and ATOMIC (Atlantic Tradewind Ocean‐Atmosphere Mesoscale Interaction Campaign) joint field campaign gathered observations to better understand the links between trade‐wind cumulus clouds, their organization, and larger scales, a large source of uncertainty in climate projections. A recent large‐eddy simulation study showed a cloud transition that occurred during this field campaign, where small shallow clouds developed into larger clouds with detrainment layers, was caused by an increase in mesoscale organization generated by a dynamical feedback in mesoscale vertical velocities. We show that kilometer‐scale simulations with the Met Office's Unified Model reproduce this increase in mesoscale organization and the process generating it, despite being much lower resolution. The timing of development is associated with large‐scale convergence. Sensitivity tests with a shorter spin‐up time, to reduce initial organization, still have the same timing of development and sensitivity tests with cold pools suppressed show only a small effect on mesoscale organization. Mesoscale organization and clouds are sensitive to resolution, with higher resolution simulations producing weaker organization and less cloud, which affects changes in net radiation. The clouds also have substantial differences to observations. Therefore, while kilometer‐scale simulations can be useful for understanding processes of mesoscale organization and links with large scales, including responses to climate change, simulations will still suffer from significant errors and uncertainties in radiative budgets.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Bony, Sandrine;Stevens, Bjorn;Wirth, Martin
通讯作者：
Wirth, Martin
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
P. Quinn;E. Thompson;D. Coffman;S. Baidar;L. Bariteau;T. Bates;S. Bigorre;A. Brewer;G. de Boer;S. D. de Szoeke;K. Drushka;G. Foltz;J. Intrieri;S. Iyer;C. Fairall;C. Gaston;F. Jansen;James E. Johnson;Ovid O. Krüger;R. Marchbanks;K. Moran;D. Noone;S. Pezoa;R. Pincus;A. Plueddemann;M. Pöhlker;U. Pöschl;Estefanía Quiñones Meléndez;Haley M Royer;M. Szczodrak;J. Thomson;L. Upchurch;Chidong Zhang;Dongxiao Zhang;P. Zuidema
通讯作者：
P. Quinn;E. Thompson;D. Coffman;S. Baidar;L. Bariteau;T. Bates;S. Bigorre;A. Brewer;G. de Boer;S. D. de Szoeke;K. Drushka;G. Foltz;J. Intrieri;S. Iyer;C. Fairall;C. Gaston;F. Jansen;James E. Johnson;Ovid O. Krüger;R. Marchbanks;K. Moran;D. Noone;S. Pezoa;R. Pincus;A. Plueddemann;M. Pöhlker;U. Pöschl;Estefanía Quiñones Meléndez;Haley M Royer;M. Szczodrak;J. Thomson;L. Upchurch;Chidong Zhang;Dongxiao Zhang;P. Zuidema