Blood cell telomere lengths and shortening rates of chimpanzee and human females.
Blood cell telomere lengths and shortening rates of chimpanzee and human females.
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DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.22538
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hawkes, Kristen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tackney, Justin;Cawthon, Richard M.;Coxworth, James E.;Hawkes, Kristen
较慢的衰老速度将人类与我们最近的堂兄弟区分开来。黑猩猩很少能活过40岁，而即使在高死亡率的狩猎采集人群中，也有很大一部分女性已经绝经。这些躯体衰老差异的细胞和分子机制仍有待确定，尽管端粒可能发挥作用。为了找到答案，我们比较了年龄匹配的雌性黑猩猩和女性样本的端粒长度。我们使用单色多重定量聚合酶链反应来分析圈养雌性黑猩猩（65人;年龄：6.2-56.7岁）血细胞中的典型端粒重复序列，并将其与人类女性（43人;年龄：7.4-57.3岁）中的相同测量进行比较。我们的样本显示物种之间的损耗率差异很小（黑猩猩每年约0.022 T/S，人类每年约0.012 T/S，95%置信区间重叠），但黑猩猩的端粒是人类的两倍长（T/S比值分别为2.70和1.26）。基于寿命的差异，我们最初假设黑猩猩的端粒缩短速度比人类快。相反，它是较短的端粒长度，似乎是人类的衍生状态。这种比较表明，更好地描述我们最亲近的亲属的生理衰老对于理解人类独特长寿的进化是必不可少的。
Slower rates of aging distinguish humans from our nearest living cousins. Chimpanzees rarely survive their forties while large fractions of women are postmenopausal even in high-mortality hunter–gatherer populations. Cellular and molecular mechanisms for these somatic aging differences remain to be identified, though telomeres might play a role. To find out, we compared telomere lengths across age-matched samples of female chimpanzees and women. We used a monochrome multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction to assay canonical telomere repeats in blood cells from captive female chimpanzees (65 individuals; age: 6.2–56.7 years) and compared them to the same measure in human females (43 individuals; age: 7.4–57.3 years). Our samples showed little difference in attrition rates between the species (~0.022 T/S per year for chimpanzees and ~0.012 T/S per year for humans with overlapping 95% confidence intervals), but telomeres were twice as long in chimpanzees as in humans (T/S ratios = 2.70 and 1.26, respectively). Based on the longevity differences, we initially hypothesized that telomere shortening rates would be faster in chimpanzees than in humans. Instead, it is shorter telomere length that appears to be the derived state in humans. This comparison indicates that better characterization of physiological aging in our closest living relatives will be indispensable for understanding the evolution of distinctive human longevity.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
HAMILTON, WD
通讯作者：
HAMILTON, WD
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Cawthon RM
通讯作者：
Cawthon RM
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0711911105
发表时间：
2008-04-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Cant, Michael A.;Johnstone, Rufus A.
通讯作者：
Johnstone, Rufus A.
影响因子：
18.2
作者：
Campisi J
通讯作者：
Campisi J
DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.20890
发表时间：
2009-07
期刊：
American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hawkes K;Smith KR;Robson SL
通讯作者：
Robson SL