Research Perspectives on Unstable High‐alpine Bedrock Permafrost: Measurement, Modelling and Process Understanding

Research Perspectives on Unstable High‐alpine Bedrock Permafrost: Measurement, Modelling and Process Understanding
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不稳定高山基岩永久冻土的研究前景:测量、建模和过程理解

DOI:
10.1002/ppp.740
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Hasler A.
Hasler A.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Krautblatter;Huggel;Deline P;Hasler A.

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岩石不稳定被认为与永久冻土退化有因果关系,但很难直接证明这一点,因为高山斜坡破坏的记录很短。虽然基于记录的高山崩塌事件的短时间框架而进行的引导性科学推理仍然困难,但我们的演绎系统理解指向了永久冻土退化和岩石失稳之间的强烈过程联系。为了准确预测气候变化对基岩永久冻土的影响,需要加强对热-水-力学耦合过程的技术了解,以及对岩石坡度在空间和时间上(反应/松弛)调整的系统地貌了解。我们确定了四个主要领域及其之间界面的研究需求:岩石温度测量和建模;岩壁遥感;对岩石不稳定的过程了解;以及岩冰雪崩的流动传播模型。这一简短的交流确定了研究方向之间的关键接口,以更好地理解时间和空间上的不稳定轨迹。我们建议在尺度相关和瞬时热行为方面进行协调的系统研究,耦合热-水-力学理解,加强对岩壁失稳的远程清点,以及更好地理解和模拟混合雪崩的综合方法。版权所有©2012 John Wiley&Sons,Ltd.
Rock instability is believed to be causally linked to permafrost degradation, but it is difficult to demonstrate this directly because of the short record of slope failures in high mountains. While abductive scientific reasoning of ‘increasing permafrost‐related instability’ based on the short time frame of recorded rockfall events in high mountains is still difficult, our deductive systemic understanding points toward a strong process linkage between permafrost degradation and rock instability. Enhanced technical understanding of coupled thermo‐hydro‐mechanical processes and systemic geomorphic understanding of rock slope adjustment in space and over (reaction/relaxation) time are required to accurately predict hazards associated with the impact of climate change on permafrost in bedrock. We identify research needs in four major areas and at the interfaces between them: rock temperature measurement and modelling; remote sensing of rock walls; process understanding of rock mass instability; and flow propagation models of rock‐ice avalanches. This short communication identifies key interfaces between research directions to gain a better understanding of trajectories of destabilisation in time and space. We propose coordinated systemic research with respect to scale dependent and transient thermal behaviour, coupled thermo‐hydro‐mechanical understanding, enhanced remote inventorying of rock wall instability and integrated approaches for a better understanding and modelling of mixed avalanches. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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