How location and cellular signaling combine to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome.

How location and cellular signaling combine to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41423-022-00922-w
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发表时间:
2022-11
影响因子:
24.1
通讯作者:
Latz, Eicke
Latz, Eicke
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Akbal, Anil;Dernst, Alesja;Lovotti, Marta;Mangan, Matthew S. J.;McManus, Roisin M.;Latz, Eicke

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含NOD-、LRR-和pyrin结构域3(NLRP 3)是细胞应激信号的胞质先天免疫传感器,由感染和无菌炎症触发。在检测到激活刺激后,NLRP 3从无活性的同源寡聚多聚体转变为有活性的多聚体炎性体,其促进衔接子分子ASC的螺旋寡聚体组装。ASC寡聚体为半胱天冬酶-1活化提供了一个平台,导致IL-1家族和gasdermin D中促炎细胞因子的蛋白水解裂解和活化,这可以诱导细胞死亡的裂解形式。最近的研究调查了NLRP 3激活的细胞需求和NLRP 3的结构,揭示了NLRP 3的复杂调控及其激活所涉及的多个步骤。本文综述了控制NLRP 3炎性体组装的生化和细胞过程,特别强调了结构调控和细胞器的作用。我们还强调了对这种炎症通路的代谢控制的最新研究,并讨论了有前途的临床干预目标。
NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is a cytosolic innate immune sensor of cellular stress signals, triggered by infection and sterile inflammation. Upon detection of an activating stimulus, NLRP3 transitions from an inactive homo-oligomeric multimer into an active multimeric inflammasome, which promotes the helical oligomeric assembly of the adaptor molecule ASC. ASC oligomers provide a platform for caspase-1 activation, leading to the proteolytic cleavage and activation of proinflammatory cytokines in the IL-1 family and gasdermin D, which can induce a lytic form of cell death. Recent studies investigating both the cellular requirement for NLRP3 activation and the structure of NLRP3 have revealed the complex regulation of NLRP3 and the multiple steps involved in its activation. This review presents a perspective on the biochemical and cellular processes controlling the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome with particular emphasis on structural regulation and the role of organelles. We also highlight the latest research on metabolic control of this inflammatory pathway and discuss promising clinical targets for intervention.
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