Animal models of sarcopenia.
Animal models of sarcopenia.
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DOI：
10.1111/acel.13223
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发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Benian GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christian CJ;Benian GM
肌肉减少症是与年龄相关的肌肉质量和功能下降，无任何基础疾病。负责这种病理学的确切分子机制仍然未知。使用模型生物，如小鼠、大鼠、苍蝇和蠕虫，通过确定导致老年动物肌肉质量和功能改善的治疗策略和基因突变，推进了肌肉减少症研究领域。这篇综述讨论了使用这些模式生物的分子和治疗发现，以及如何进一步利用这些动物来更好地了解肌肉减少症的发病机制。在啮齿动物、苍蝇和蠕虫中，饮食限制可以改善老年动物的肌肉性能。在啮齿动物和蠕虫中，运动和一些天然化合物可以缓解肌肉减少症。胰岛素/IGF 1受体途径的减少，众所周知，促进长寿，改善蠕虫和苍蝇的肌肉减少症。线粒体功能障碍可能导致肌肉减少症的发病机制：在啮齿类动物中，线粒体质量存在年龄依赖性减少和形态学变化;在线虫中，在肌节解体之前存在年龄依赖性线粒体片段化。在果蝇和大鼠中，26 S蛋白酶体的组分在老化的肌肉中升高。蠕虫和苍蝇模型的一个优点是，这些生物体缺乏肌肉干细胞，因此可以在没有肌肉再生的混淆影响的情况下识别促进已经组装的肌肉的维持的过程。斑马鱼是一种即将出现的肌肉减少症模型，供未来考虑。更好地了解肌肉减少症背后的分子变化将有助于研究人员开发更好的治疗方法来改善老年人的肌肉健康。肌肉减少症是与年龄相关的骨骼肌质量和功能下降，无任何基础疾病，是老年人虚弱、不动和死亡的主要原因。在这篇综述中，我们报告的贡献，模式生物啮齿类动物，秀丽隐杆线虫，果蝇，斑马鱼，正在朝着了解其分子机制和发现潜在的治疗方法。
Sarcopenia is the age‐related decline in muscle mass and function without any underlying disease. The exact molecular mechanisms responsible for this pathology remain unknown. The use of model organisms, such as mice, rats, flies, and worms, has advanced the field of sarcopenia research by identifying therapeutic strategies and genetic mutations that result in improved muscle mass and function of elderly animals. This review discusses molecular and therapeutic discoveries made using these model organisms and how these animals can be further utilized to better understand sarcopenia pathogenesis. In rodents, flies, and worms, dietary restriction improves muscle performance in old animals. In rodents and worms, exercise and a number of naturally occurring compounds alleviate sarcopenia. Reduction in the insulin/IGF1 receptor pathway, well known to promote longevity, improves sarcopenia in worms and flies. Mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to the pathogenesis of sarcopenia: In rodents, there is age‐dependent reduction in mitochondrial mass and a change in morphology; in nematodes, there is age‐dependent fragmentation of mitochondria that precedes sarcomeric disorganization. In Drosophila and rats, components of the 26S proteasome are elevated in aged muscle. An advantage of the worm and fly models is that these organisms lack muscle stem cells, and thus processes that promote the maintenance of already assembled muscle, can be identified without the confounding influence of muscle regeneration. Zebrafish are an up and coming model of sarcopenia for future consideration. A better understanding of the molecular changes behind sarcopenia will help researchers develop better therapies to improve the muscle health of elderly individuals. Sarcopenia is the age‐associated decline in skeletal muscle mass and function without any underlying disease, and is a major contributor to the frailty, immobility, and mortality of the elderly. In this review we report the contributions that model organisms—rodents, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, zebrafish—are making towards the understanding of its molecular mechanisms and discovery of potential therapies.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Altun, Mikael;Besche, Henrike C.;Ulfhake, Brun
通讯作者：
Ulfhake, Brun
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Gaffney, Christopher J.;Pollard, Amelia;Szewczyk, Nathaniel J.
通讯作者：
Szewczyk, Nathaniel J.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1525795113
发表时间：
2016-02-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Camporez, Joao-Paulo G.;Petersen, Max C.;Shulman, Gerald I.
通讯作者：
Shulman, Gerald I.
DOI：
10.1074/mcp.m113.027383
发表时间：
2013-12
期刊：
Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP
影响因子：
--
作者：
Depuydt G;Xie F;Petyuk VA;Shanmugam N;Smolders A;Dhondt I;Brewer HM;Camp DG 2nd;Smith RD;Braeckman BP
通讯作者：
Braeckman BP
DOI：
10.1093/gerona/50a.5.b254
发表时间：
1995-09-01
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
DUHON, SA;JOHNSON, TE
通讯作者：
JOHNSON, TE