Yeast sex: surprisingly high rates of outcrossing between asci.
Yeast sex: surprisingly high rates of outcrossing between asci.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0010461
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发表时间：
2010-05-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zeyl CW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murphy HA;Zeyl CW
酵母菌是许多生物学研究领域的重要模型系统。人们对它们在野外的生态和进化知之甚少，但对这一自然历史的兴趣正在增长。在上个世纪，对实验室菌株的广泛研究揭示了酵母菌的生命周期。当营养有限时，二倍体酵母细胞将形成四个单倍体孢子，这些孢子被包裹在一个保护性的外层中，称为孢子囊。被认为是限制在同一减数分裂的产物之间的交配，最大限度地减少在生命周期的这一阶段的异交。使用一组S. cerevisiae和S.从北美的林地分离的paradoxus菌株，我们建立了试验，其中将成对的子囊彼此接触并允许发芽。我们观察到的异交在100%的试验，和多个异交事件的试验与三个asci相互接触。当密集的子囊的整个群体发芽时，产生的菌落中有10%-25%是异交的。不同种间的S.在大量交配条件下具有增加的异交倾向的酿酒酵母。我们的研究结果突出了自然菌株中孢子之间随机交配的潜力，即使在存在子囊的情况下。如果这种类型的交配确实发生在自然界中，而且是在近亲之间，那么大量的交配行为可能无法从基因组序列中检测到。
Saccharomyces yeasts are an important model system in many areas of biological research. Very little is known about their ecology and evolution in the wild, but interest in this natural history is growing. Extensive work with lab strains in the last century uncovered the Saccharomyces life cycle. When nutrient limited, a diploid yeast cell will form four haploid spores encased in a protective outer layer called the ascus. Confinement within the ascus is thought to enforce mating between products of the same meiotic division, minimizing outcrossing in this stage of the life cycle. Using a set of S. cerevisiae and S. paradoxus strains isolated from woodlands in North America, we set up trials in which pairs of asci were placed in contact with one another and allowed to germinate. We observed outcrossing in ∼40% of the trials, and multiple outcrossing events in trials with three asci in contact with each other. When entire populations of densely crowded asci germinated, ∼10–25% of the resulting colonies were outcrossed. There were differences between the species with S. cerevisiae having an increased tendency to outcross in mass mating conditions. Our results highlight the potential for random mating between spores in natural strains, even in the presence of asci. If this type of mating does occur in nature and it is between close relatives, then a great deal of mating behavior may be undetectable from genome sequences.
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影响因子：
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