Predominant and substoichiometric isomers of the plastid genome coexist within Juniperus plants and have shifted multiple times during cupressophyte evolution.
Predominant and substoichiometric isomers of the plastid genome coexist within Juniperus plants and have shifted multiple times during cupressophyte evolution.
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DOI：
10.1093/gbe/evu046
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Mower JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo W;Grewe F;Cobo-Clark A;Fan W;Duan Z;Adams RP;Schwarzbach AE;Mower JP
大多数陆地植物质体含有两个拷贝的大反向重复序列（IR），其促进高频同源重组以产生异构基因组形式。在针叶树的质体中，这种典型的IR在松科中高度减少，而在柏科植物中完全丧失。然而，这两个谱系都获得了短的、新的IR，其中一些还表现出重组活性以产生基因组结构多样性。这种多样性已被证明存在于柏科植物物种之间，偶尔也存在于柏科植物物种内部，但目前尚不清楚多种基因组形式是否在个体植物中共存。为了研究个体内和物种间新柏科植物IR的重组潜力，我们对四种密切相关的刺柏属物种的质体进行了测序。除了含有trnQ-UUG的约250 bp IR之间存在36 kb的大倒位之外，这四个质体具有相同的基因内容和基因组组织。Southern印迹表明，不同的异构体版本的质体占主导地位的个体杜松，而聚合酶链反应和高通量读取对映射揭示了亚化学计量存在的替代异构体形式在每个单独的植物。此外，我们的比较基因组研究表明，这种IR的主要和亚化学计量的安排已经改变了几次在其他柏科植物以及。这些结果提供了令人信服的证据，亚化学计量转变的质体形式在柏科植物进化过程中，并建议亚化学计量转变的质体基因组活动可能是自适应的。
Most land plant plastomes contain two copies of a large inverted repeat (IR) that promote high-frequency homologous recombination to generate isomeric genomic forms. Among conifer plastomes, this canonical IR is highly reduced in Pinaceae and completely lost from cupressophytes. However, both lineages have acquired short, novel IRs, some of which also exhibit recombinational activity to generate genomic structural diversity. This diversity has been shown to exist between, and occasionally within, cupressophyte species, but it is not known whether multiple genomic forms coexist within individual plants. To examine the recombinational potential of the novel cupressophyte IRs within individuals and between species, we sequenced the plastomes of four closely related species of Juniperus. The four plastomes have identical gene content and genome organization except for a large 36 kb inversion between approximately 250 bp IR containing trnQ-UUG. Southern blotting showed that different isomeric versions of the plastome predominate among individual junipers, whereas polymerase chain reaction and high-throughput read-pair mapping revealed the substoichiometric presence of the alternative isomeric form within each individual plant. Furthermore, our comparative genomic studies demonstrate that the predominant and substoichiometric arrangements of this IR have changed several times in other cupressophytes as well. These results provide compelling evidence for substoichiometric shifting of plastomic forms during cupressophyte evolution and suggest that substoichiometric shifting activity in plastid genomes may be adaptive.
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影响因子：
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