Broadening resilience: An evaluation of policy and planning for drinking water resilience in 100 US cities
Broadening resilience: An evaluation of policy and planning for drinking water resilience in 100 US cities
复制标题
扩大复原力：对美国 100 个城市饮用水复原力的政策和规划进行评估
DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102798
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Prout, Jalyn M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friedman, Mirit B.;Hughes, Sara;Kirchhoff, Christine J.;Rauh, Eleanor;McOmber, Chesney;Manshardt, Davis J.;Prout, Jalyn M.
在世界各地，饮用水系统为其服务的社区提供安全、可获得的饮用水。虽然它们面临着越来越多的短期和长期挑战，但评估饮用水系统的复原力--或其应对骚乱和意外情况并不断适应压力和变化的能力--是一项持续的挑战。许多饮用水复原力评估方法狭隘地侧重于基础设施系统复原力的技术层面，忽视了人或环境层面，并考虑了对当前的复原力，而忽视了对未来变化的复原力。为了填补这一空白，我们开发了一个概念框架和评分方法，用于评估市政规模的饮用水系统弹性政策和规划。我们的方法在广泛的空间和时间尺度上考虑了社会、技术和环境因素的弹性。然后，我们使用这种方法评估了美国100个城市的饮用水弹性政策和规划。我们发现，市政当局在饮用水复原力的政策和规划方面处于非常不同的阶段，特别是在它们对气候变化的关注和对复原力更广泛的社会层面的考虑方面。总体而言，较大的城市和人口更自由的城市可能会有更高的政策和规划分数。调查结果突出了饮用水系统复原力的市政政策和规划的差异，以及社区特征作为复原力规划驱动力的重要性。我们的方法可用于评估美国国内外饮用水系统的弹性。
Around the world, drinking water systems provide safe, accessible drinking water to the communities they serve. While they are faced with a growing number of short and long-term challenges, assessing the resilience of drinking water systems—or their ability to cope with disturbances and surprise and continuously adapt to stress and change—is an ongoing challenge. Many drinking water resilience assessment methodologies focus narrowly on the technical dimensions of the resilience of infrastructure systems, ignoring the human or environmental dimensions, and consider resilience to the present, ignoring resilience to future change. To fill this gap, we developed a conceptual framework and scoring methodology for evaluating municipal-scale policy and planning for drinking water system resilience. Our approach considers social, technical, and environmental elements of resilience at broad spatial and temporal scales. We then used this methodology to assess policy and planning for drinking water resilience in 100 U.S. cities. We found that municipalities are at very different stages in their policy and planning for drinking water resilience, particularly in terms of the attention they give to climate change and their consideration of the broader social dimensions of resilience. Overall, larger cities and those with more liberal populations are likely to have higher policy and planning scores. The findings highlight the variation in municipal policy and planning for drinking water system resilience, and the importance of community characteristics as drivers of resilience planning. Our approach is transferable to assessing resilience for drinking water systems within and beyond the U.S.
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