Electrophoretic Separations on Parafilm-Paper-Based Analytical Devices.
Electrophoretic Separations on Parafilm-Paper-Based Analytical Devices.
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石蜡膜纸基分析装置上的电泳分离。
DOI：
10.1016/j.snb.2018.06.130
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Henry,CharlesS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mettakoonpitak,Jaruwan;Henry,CharlesS
近年来，微流体纸基分析装置（mPAD）在从临床诊断到环境测试的应用中获得了极大的关注。然而，在mPAD上进行分离仍然具有挑战性，特别是在复杂样品中。这使人们重新关注mPAD中的纸色谱和纸电泳，以满足这些需求。这里，层压的石蜡膜纸（1-纸）被应用于制造电泳装置。这种方法产生了一个独立的通道，导致相对于传统蜡印刷mPAD中的先前电泳分离提高了峰分辨率。考察了影响分离的主要因素，包括焦耳加热、电渗流和电泳迁移率。由于纸的表面积（78%）与孔体积（22%）的高比率导致热耗散缓慢，因此采用0-200 V cm-1的可用施加场强范围以避免焦耳加热。该体系的电渗流为2.5 × 10−5± 7.7 × 10− 7 cm 2 V − 1 s − 1，氯酚红的电泳迁移率为1.2 × 10−4± 7.7 × 10− 7 cm 2 V − 1 s −1。以氯酚红和靛蓝胭脂红染料为代表分子，优化了基本分离方案。然后使用纸张类型、通道宽度和施加的电势来优化分离。向装置添加进样口提高了分辨率并减少了峰展宽。最后，利用L-纸电泳装置成功地实现了异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）和标记的谷氨酸（Glu）的分离。发现使用显微镜成像相对于使用移动的照相机成像实现了降低的峰增宽和增加的分辨率，这是由于消除了背景信号，实现了72 ± 4%的Glu和FITC缀合。
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (mPADs) have gained significant attention in recent years for applications ranging from clinical diagnostics to environmental testing. However, separation on mPADs remains challenging to implement, particularly in complex samples. This has revived interest in revisiting paper chromatography and paper electrophoresis in mPADs to address these needs. Here, laminated Parafilm-paper (l-paper) is applied to fabricate electrophoretic devices. This approach yields a free-standing channel, leading to improved peak resolution relative to previous electrophoretic separations in traditional wax-printed mPADs. Major factors influencing the separation, including Joule heating, electroosmotic flow, and electrophoretic mobility, were investigated. As a result of paper’s high ratio of surface area (78%) to pore volume (22%) resulting in slow heat dissipation, a usable applied field strength range of 0–200 V cm−1was employed to avoid Joule heating. The electroosmotic flow of the system was found to be 2.5 × 10−5± 7.7 × 10−7cm2V−1s−1and the electrophoretic mobility of chlorophenol red was 1.2 × 10−4± 7.7 × 10−7cm2V−1s−1. Basic separation protocols were optimized using colorimetric detection of chlorophenol red and indigo carmine dyes as representative molecules. Paper type, channel width, and applied potential were then used to optimize the separations. Addition of an injection port to the device improved resolution and reduced peak broadening. Finally, the separation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) andl-glutamic acid (Glu) labeled with FITC, was successfully carried out using the l-paper electrophoretic device. Imaging with a microscope was found to achieve reduced peak broadening and increased resolution relative to imaging with a mobile camera, due to elimination of background signal, achieving a 72 ± 4% conjugation of Glu and FITC.
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