Structural constraints and dynamics of bacterial cell wall architecture.

Structural constraints and dynamics of bacterial cell wall architecture.
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DOI:
10.3389/fmicb.2015.00449
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Cava F
Cava F
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
de Pedro MA;Cava F

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肽聚糖壁(PG)是一种独特的结构,赋予细菌物理强度和明确的形状。它由覆盖细胞膜的肽互连聚糖链的网状大分子组成。 PG 的结构和布局决定了当细菌经历分裂、形态分化和适应性反应时,壁必须不断修改。 PG 在结构方面鲜为人知。然而,为了了解形态发生,必须准确了解聚糖链排列和不同种类亚基的局部效应。数据的稀缺导致人们将 PG 视为一种规则的、高度有序的结构,这对增长模型产生了强烈影响。在这里,我们回顾 PG 的结构,以定义一个更现实的概念框架。我们讨论了壁结构的可塑性在形态发生中的后果,并尝试定义一组最小的结构约束,任何模型都必须满足这些约束才能与当今的信息兼容。
The peptidoglycan wall (PG) is a unique structure which confers physical strength and defined shape to bacteria. It consists of a net-like macromolecule of peptide interlinked glycan chains overlying the cell membrane. The structure and layout of the PG dictates that the wall has to be continuously modified as bacteria go through division, morphological differentiation, and adaptive responses. The PG is poorly known in structural terms. However, to understand morphogenesis a precise knowledge of glycan strand arrangement and of local effects of the different kinds of subunits is essential. The scarcity of data led to a conception of the PG as a regular, highly ordered structure which strongly influenced growth models. Here, we review the structure of the PG to define a more realistic conceptual framework. We discuss the consequences of the plasticity of murein architecture in morphogenesis and try to define a set of minimal structural constraints that must be fulfilled by any model to be compatible with present day information.
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