Improving random write performance in homogeneous and heterogeneous erasure-coded drive arrays
Improving random write performance in homogeneous and heterogeneous erasure-coded drive arrays
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提高同构和异构纠删码驱动器阵列中的随机写入性能
DOI：
10.1145/2893706.2893709
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Gero Mühl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nikolaus Jeremic;Helge Parzyjegla;Gero Mühl
在数据存储系统中，通常使用称为raid的驱动器阵列，以避免数据丢失，并在驱动器发生故障时保持可用性。RAID方案定义了各种驱动器阵列组织（表示为RAID级别），可以用于硬盘驱动器（hdd）阵列和NAND闪存固态驱动器（ssd）阵列。对于较大的驱动器阵列，使用带有擦除编码的数据条带化很有吸引力，因为与数据复制相比，它的空间效率明显更高。然而，使用擦除编码的数据条带化的主要问题是随机写的性能比条带化小。如果在选择数据分条配置（特别是分条单元大小）时，没有考虑到所部署设备类型（HDD或SSD）和设备型号的随机访问性能特征，则问题会更加严重。在本文中，我们提供了一个分析模型，允许预测均匀驱动器阵列的随机写入吞吐量，以及存储在更快驱动器上的代码块的异构驱动器阵列的随机写入吞吐量。基于我们的模型，我们开发了一种方法来提高均匀驱动器阵列（仅包括一种设备类型，例如hdd或ssd）中的随机写吞吐量，方法是根据工作负载将数据条带化配置调整到所使用的设备类型和模型。然后，在我们之前工作的基础上，我们描述了一种异构驱动器阵列的组织，这种组织特别适用于hdd和ssd组合的阵列，并允许通过将数据块存储在较慢的驱动器上而将代码块存储在较快的驱动器上来进一步提高随机写吞吐量。最后，我们通过实验评估了我们的分析声明，并表明在使用数据条带和擦除编码的驱动器阵列中，随机写入吞吐量确实可以显着增加。
In data storage systems, drive arrays known as RAIDs are often used in order to avoid data loss and to maintain availability in the event of drive failure(s). RAID schemes define various drive array organizations (denoted as RAID levels) that can be used in arrays of hard disk drives (HDDs) and arrays of NAND flash memory solid-state drives (SSDs). For larger drive arrays, using data striping with erasure coding is appealing due to its notably higher space efficiency compared to data replication. However, the main issue of data striping with erasure coding is the performance of random writes smaller than a stripe. This problem is even aggravated if the random access performance characteristics of the deployed device type (HDD or SSD) and device model are not properly considered when choosing the data striping configuration (in particular the stripe unit size).In this article, we provide an analytical model allowing to predict the random write throughput of homogeneous drive arrays as well as of a heterogeneous drive array with code blocks stored on the faster drives. Based on our model, we develop a method to improve the random write throughput in homogeneous drive arrays (comprising only one device type, e.g., HDDs or SSDs) by adapting the data striping configuration to the used device type and model in relation to the workload. Then, based on our previous work, we describe an organization for heterogeneous drive arrays, which is especially suitable for arrays combining HDDs with SSDs, and permits to further increase the random write throughput by storing data blocks on slower and code blocks on faster drives. Finally, we experimentally evaluate our analytical claims and show that random write throughput can indeed be notably increased in drive arrays that use data striping with erasure coding.
I/O 优化和磁盘改进的实际效果
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
W. Hsu;A. Smith
通讯作者：
A. Smith
通过卸载代码块请求来提高异构纠删码驱动器阵列中的随机写入性能
DOI：
10.1145/2695664.2695696
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Proceedings of the 30th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
影响因子：
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作者：
Jeremic;Nikolaus;Helge Parzyjegla;Gero Mühl
通讯作者：
Gero Mühl