Identification of novel target genes for safer and more specific control of root-knot nematodes from a pan-genome mining.
Identification of novel target genes for safer and more specific control of root-knot nematodes from a pan-genome mining.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1003745
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发表时间：
2013-10
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Abad P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Danchin EG;Arguel MJ;Campan-Fournier A;Perfus-Barbeoch L;Magliano M;Rosso MN;Da Rocha M;Da Silva C;Nottet N;Labadie K;Guy J;Artiguenave F;Abad P
根结线虫是全球最具侵略性和破坏性的植物寄生线虫。化学杀线虫剂是迄今为止防治这些农业害虫最有效的措施。由于其对环境的毒性和对人类健康的危害，这些杀线虫剂现已被禁止使用。因此，迫切需要对环境和人类健康安全的新的和更具体的控制手段，以避免这些毁灭性的植物寄生虫在世界范围内的扩散。通过进化和比较基因组学方法挖掘根结线虫基因组，我们鉴定并分析了15，952个线虫基因，这些基因在植物危害物种的基因组中保守，但在脊索动物、植物、环节动物、昆虫授粉者和软体动物的非靶基因组中缺失。相应的蛋白质的功能注释揭示了一个相对丰富的假定的转录因子在这寄生特定的集相比，整个蛋白质组的根结线虫。这可能指向参与寄生的基因的重要和特定的调节器。因为这些线虫已知在植物中分泌寄生所必需的效应蛋白，我们搜索并鉴定了993个非靶标物种中不存在的此类效应蛋白样蛋白。为了确定新的目标，为未来的控制方法的发展，我们生物学上测试了相应的基因通过RNA干扰失活的效果。共有15个新的效应子样蛋白和一个假定的转录因子与siRNA的设计兼容的非冗余基因，并在模式根结线虫南方根结线虫的转录支持。用siRNA处理的M.与对照线虫相比，在番茄植物上对16种测试基因中的12种的侵染显示出显著的和可再现的减少。这12个新的基因，沉默时表现出有效的减少寄生虫，构成有前途的目标，为发展更具体和更安全的控制手段。植物寄生线虫每年造成全球超过1000亿美元的作物产量损失，而被认为造成大部分损害的是根结线虫。这些线虫过去被化学品控制，现在被禁止使用，因为它们的特异性差，对环境和人类健康的毒性高。在缺乏可持续替代解决方案的情况下，需要新的控制手段，更具体地针对这些线虫并且对环境安全。我们在根结线虫基因组中进行了搜索，这些基因在各种植物破坏物种中保守，而在非目标物种的基因组中则不存在，例如脊索动物、植物、环节动物、昆虫传粉者和软体动物的基因组。这些基因可能是重要的植物寄生和他们的情况下，从非目标物种，使他们有趣的候选人的发展更具体和更安全的控制手段。对这组基因的进一步生物信息学修剪产生了16个可以进行生物学测试的新候选基因。利用RNA干扰技术，我们敲除了根结线虫中这16个基因中的每一个，并测试了对植物寄生效率的影响。在16个测试的基因中，12个在沉默时显示出显著的和可再现的侵染减少，因此特别有希望。
Root-knot nematodes are globally the most aggressive and damaging plant-parasitic nematodes. Chemical nematicides have so far constituted the most efficient control measures against these agricultural pests. Because of their toxicity for the environment and danger for human health, these nematicides have now been banned from use. Consequently, new and more specific control means, safe for the environment and human health, are urgently needed to avoid worldwide proliferation of these devastating plant-parasites. Mining the genomes of root-knot nematodes through an evolutionary and comparative genomics approach, we identified and analyzed 15,952 nematode genes conserved in genomes of plant-damaging species but absent from non target genomes of chordates, plants, annelids, insect pollinators and mollusks. Functional annotation of the corresponding proteins revealed a relative abundance of putative transcription factors in this parasite-specific set compared to whole proteomes of root-knot nematodes. This may point to important and specific regulators of genes involved in parasitism. Because these nematodes are known to secrete effector proteins in planta, essential for parasitism, we searched and identified 993 such effector-like proteins absent from non-target species. Aiming at identifying novel targets for the development of future control methods, we biologically tested the effect of inactivation of the corresponding genes through RNA interference. A total of 15 novel effector-like proteins and one putative transcription factor compatible with the design of siRNAs were present as non-redundant genes and had transcriptional support in the model root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Infestation assays with siRNA-treated M. incognita on tomato plants showed significant and reproducible reduction of the infestation for 12 of the 16 tested genes compared to control nematodes. These 12 novel genes, showing efficient reduction of parasitism when silenced, constitute promising targets for the development of more specific and safer control means. Plant-parasitic nematodes are annually responsible for more than $100 billion crop yield loss worldwide and those considered as causing most of the damages are root-knot nematodes. These nematodes used to be controlled by chemicals that are now banned from use because of their poor specificity and high toxicity for the environment and human health. In the absence of sustainable alternative solutions, new control means, more specifically targeted against these nematodes and safe for the environment are needed. We searched in root-knot nematode genomes, genes conserved in various plant-damaging species while otherwise absent from the genomes of non target species such as those of chordates, plants, annelids, insect pollinators and mollusks. These genes are probably important for plant parasitism and their absence from non-target species make them interesting candidates for the development of more specific and safer control means. Further bioinformatics pruning of this set of genes yielded 16 novel candidates that could be biologically tested. Using RNA interference, we knocked down each of these 16 genes in a root-knot nematode and tested the effect on plant parasitism efficiency. Out of the 16 tested genes, 12 showed a significant and reproducible diminution of infestation when silenced and are thus particularly promising.
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影响因子：
48
作者：
Langmead, Ben;Salzberg, Steven L.
通讯作者：
Salzberg, Steven L.
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Jaouannet, Maelle;Perfus-Barbeoch, Laetitia;Rosso, Marie-Noelle
通讯作者：
Rosso, Marie-Noelle
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Huang, GZ;Dong, RH;Hussey, RS
通讯作者：
Hussey, RS
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2338.2012.02530.x
发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
Bulletin OEPP
影响因子：
--
作者：
Djian-Caporalino, C.
通讯作者：
Djian-Caporalino, C.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Jaubert, S;Laffaire, JB;Rosso, MN
通讯作者：
Rosso, MN